Three Wheels. Three rubber wheels are mounted on axles so that they make tight contact with each other and their centers are on a line. The wheel on the far left axle is connected to a motor that rotates it at 35.0 r.p.m., and drives the wheel in contact with it on its right which, in turn, drives the wheel on its right. The left wheel (Wheel 1) has a diameter of d₁ = 0.22 m, the middle wheel (Wheel 2) has d₂ = 0.32 m, and the far right wheel (Wheel 3) has d3 = 0.48 m. (a) If Wheel 1 rotates clockwise, in which direction does Wheel 3 rotate? (b) What is the angular speed of Wheel 3, and what is the tangential speed on its outer edge? (c) What arrangement of the wheels gives the largest tangential speed on the outer edge of the wheel in the far right position (assuming the wheel in the far left position is driven at 35.0 r.p.m)? (d) What is the largest tangential speed on the outer edge of the wheel in the far right position? (a) (b) Angular speed of Wheel 3: (c) Number i Units Tangential speed on the outer edge of Wheel 3: Number i Units
Angular Momentum
The momentum of an object is given by multiplying its mass and velocity. Momentum is a property of any object that moves with mass. The only difference between angular momentum and linear momentum is that angular momentum deals with moving or spinning objects. A moving particle's linear momentum can be thought of as a measure of its linear motion. The force is proportional to the rate of change of linear momentum. Angular momentum is always directly proportional to mass. In rotational motion, the concept of angular momentum is often used. Since it is a conserved quantity—the total angular momentum of a closed system remains constant—it is a significant quantity in physics. To understand the concept of angular momentum first we need to understand a rigid body and its movement, a position vector that is used to specify the position of particles in space. A rigid body possesses motion it may be linear or rotational. Rotational motion plays important role in angular momentum.
Moment of a Force
The idea of moments is an important concept in physics. It arises from the fact that distance often plays an important part in the interaction of, or in determining the impact of forces on bodies. Moments are often described by their order [first, second, or higher order] based on the power to which the distance has to be raised to understand the phenomenon. Of particular note are the second-order moment of mass (Moment of Inertia) and moments of force.
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