Three hills A, B and C are at elevation 135m, 146m, and 154m respectively above sea level. Distance AB is 3.9 km while distance BC is 3.1km. Find the effect of curvature and refraction between A and B Determine the effect of curvature and refraction between A and B  What would be the height of the tower to be constructed at hill C so that the line of sight will clear hill B by 2.5 m considering the effect of earths curvature and refraction?

Q: 5. Four hills A, B, C, and D having elevations 247, 236, 314, and 396 respectively. The distance of…

A: Compute the height of tower at A with a clearance of 3 m at C so that a 2 m tower at D will be…

Q: The ratio of curvature effect to that of refraction is (a) 3 (c) 19 (b) 12 (d) 7

A: Curvature and refraction correction are applied to get the corrected staff reading . Curvature error…

Q: A tower is photographed from an elevation of 1000 m above datum. The radial distance measured from…

A: Given: A tower is photographed from an elevation of 1000 m above datum. The radial distance measured…

Q: a) Compute the difference in elevation between A and B. b) Compute the difference in elevation…

A:

Q: (b) (i) Two points A and B are 1530 m apart across a wide river. The following reciprocal evels are…

A:

Q: Compute the error of curvature and refraction of a distance 1459.92 m

A:

Q: What is the elevation of point A in the below figure, if you know that the elevation of point B is…

A: Given data  R.L. of point B Staff readings.  Horizontal distance  between two points

Q: In a vertical photograph taken from an altitude of 2800 m, a chimney of height 100 m, appears at a…

A: Altitude (H): 2800 mChimney height (h): 100 mDistance of chimney image from principal point (r): 80…

Q: Compute the refraction error for a distance .1181.7 m • Ano wer

A: Given Distance = 1181.7m = 1.1817km

Q: Three hills A, B and C has elevations of 660 m, 625 m and 600 m, respectively. B is in between A…

A: Given:- The elevations of hill A = 660 m  The elevations of hill B = 625 m  The elevations of hill C…

Q: A transit is set up at point B which is between A and B. The vertical angle observed towards A is…

A: Measurement or measurement is a branch of testing, the object of which is to establish or verify or…

Q: The combined correction due to curvature and refraction (in m) for distance of 1 km on the surface…

A: Given data: Distance, D = 1 m (on the surface of earth).

Q: Two hills 90km apart has elevation of 60m and 200m. What would be the minimum height of the tower…

A: To find the minimum height-

Q: Point A is between point B and C. The distance of B and C from Point And are1200 m and 2000m,…

A: Introduction- Curvature causes the points to look lower than they are, while refraction causes them…

Q: In a vertical photograph taken from an altitude of 2800 m, a chimney of height 100 m, appears at a…

A: Altitude (H): 2800 mChimney height (h): 100 mDistance of chimney image from principal point (r): 80…

Q: A light house of 120 m height is just visible above the horizon from a ship. Find the correct…

A: Given data: Height of the light house, h = 120 m. Distance, D =?

Q: Compute the refraction error for a distance 1226.3 m. red

A: Given that,  Distance d = 1226.3 m                   d= 1.2263 Km To calculate refraction error (Cr)…

Q: Four hills A, B, C and D are in straight line. The elevations are A = 247 m., B = 236 m., C = 314…

A: Given: Elevation of A = A = 247 m. Elevation of B = 236 m Elevation of C = 314 m Elevation of D =…

Q: A theodolite is set up at station A. The RL of instrument axis is 212,250 m. The angle of elevation…

A:

Q: ELABORATE Three hills A, B, and C are at elevations 135m, 146m, and 154m respectively above sea…

A: h1= 2.5m

Q: Point A is in between points B and C. the distance of B and C are 2000 m and 3000 m, respectively.…

A:

Q: An instrument is set-up at point M and vertical angles are observed at N -21º15' and O +33º45'. The…

A: Given Data- The given situation is shown in the below figure- To Find- It is needed to find out the…

Q: 9. In order to find the difference in elevation between two points P and Q, a level was set upon the…

A: Given data in question  Line PQ Distances Rod readings To find out  Corrected elevation difference…

Q: 5. Point A is between points B and C. The distances of B and C from point A are 1500m and 2600m…

A: Given data  Distance between A and B (D1) = 1500 m = 1.5 Km  Distance between A and C (D2) = 2600 m…

Q: The top of a tower signal at B 2000 m from A away was sighted through a transit with recorded…

A:

Q: Two points of a trigonometric leveling A and B of a certain terrain are each distance 2500m. Angles…

A: Given: The distance between AC and BC is 2500 m. The elevation at C is 300 m. The vertical angle to…

Q: Point A is in between points B and C, the distances of B and C from B and C from point A are 1000m…

A: given data B and C from point A are 1000m and 2000m respectively  The angle of elevation of point B…

Q: 3. From point A in between Band C, the angles of elevation of B and C are 18°30' and 8°15'…

A: Given:- The angle of elevation of point B = 18°30' The angle of elevation of point C = 08°15' The…

Q: What is the elevation of point A in the below figure, if you know that the elevation of point B is…

A: The instrument is at point B Elevation of point B = 92.155 m The height of the instrument, hi = 1.54…

Q: From an instrument set up at point A, the angle of elevation of point B is +16°77' while point C is…

A:

Q: 4. Four hills A, B, C, and D having elevations 247, 236, 314, and 396 respectively. The distance of…

A:

Q: From an instrument set up an object was observed at a distance of 5.4 km away. Neglecting the effect…

A:

Q: 4. THREE HILLS A,B,& CHAS ELEVATIONS OF 660m, 625m & 600m RESPECTIVELY. B IS IN BETWEEN A & C AND IS…

A: In leveling site, the correction of curvature and refraction is obtained by using the hypothetical…

Q: oint A is between points B and C. The distances of B and C from point A are p00 m and 2000 m,…

A: Elevation difference between B and C =44.4m  To find angle of elevation of point C

Q: With the instrument at K6, determine the elevation of corner 1. Height of instrument is 1.55m.…

A: Please provide the figure of problem so that the question becomes more clear to understand.

Q: Three hills A, B and C has elevations of 660 m, 625 m and 606 meters respectively. B is in between A…

A:

Q: An instrument is set-up at point A and vertical angles are observed at B -21º15' and C +33º45'. The…

A:

Control Survey and Geodetic reductions

Control surveys or survey controls are used to establish reference points as a basis for various construction activities. Vertical and horizontal control points are to be established in a control survey to increase accuracy. After establishing the control points, all other types of surveys such as topographic, right-of-way, aerial mapping, construction layout, boundary surveys, and utility mapping can be worked upon so that control networks can be formed. The place from which the observations are made is called a survey station.