Three 300 ml. expandable containers (A, B and C) containing mixtures of nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas are prepared at the same pressure. The temperature of the gases in each container is kept at 200°C. A 60 mL of N₂ +240 ml of H₂ ***** Na(g) + 3H2(g) →→→ 2NH(g) 1 A 180 mL mixture B 120 ml of N +180 mL of H₂ The gases inside containers A, B and C are allowed to react to completion and are then cooled to 200°C. After reaction the total volume of the gaseous mixture in each of containers A and B is 180 ml. C B 180 ml mixture 180 mL of N 120 ml of H₂ C 7 ml mixture (a) Explain why containers A and B have the same final volume and calculate the correct volume of NHs gas in each of these containers. 60: 180 (4) №₂. (4) 60: 240 xs). 240-180= 60...... -60 +120 = 180m! (b) Calculate the final total volume of the gaseous mixture in container C. (0) 18.0 12.0 theoretreal 160 540 actual (B.) 1/3= 120 $360- 60 180 180-120= 6 60+120=1 ********* *********** *****
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
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