Thorium-234 is a radioactive element that has a decay constant of 3.33×10−7 s −1 . It decays by beta-decay with an energy of 270 keV. A sample of pure Th-234 has an initial activity of 8.56 × 1013 Bq. i) Calculate the initial number of atoms present. ii) Calculate number of days taken for the activity to drop to one-sixteenth of the initial activity. iii) Calculate the initial mass of the sample, and estimate the reduction in mass at the time calculated in (ii)
Nuclear Fusion
Nuclear fusion is a type of nuclear reaction. In nuclear fusion, two or more than two lighter atomic nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus. During this process, an enormous amount of energy is released. This energy is called nuclear energy. Nuclear fusion is the energy source of the sun and stars.
Fusion Bomb
A fusion bomb is also known as a thermonuclear bomb or hydrogen bomb which releases a large amount of explosive energy during a nuclear chain reaction when the lighter nuclei in it, combine to form heavier nuclei, and a large amount of radiation is released. It is an uncontrolled, self-sustaining nuclear chain reaction where isotopes of hydrogen combine under very high temperature to form helium. They work on the principle of operation of atomic fusion. The isotopes of Hydrogen are deuterium and tritium, where they combine their masses and have greater mass than the product nuclei, get heated at high temperatures, and releases energy.
Thorium-234 is a radioactive element that has a decay constant of 3.33×10−7 s −1 . It decays by beta-decay with an energy of 270 keV. A sample of pure Th-234 has an initial activity of 8.56 × 1013 Bq. i) Calculate the initial number of atoms present. ii) Calculate number of days taken for the activity to drop to one-sixteenth of the initial activity. iii) Calculate the initial mass of the sample, and estimate the reduction in mass at the time calculated in (ii).
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