This figure identifies lineages as plants, non-vascular plants, vascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants. Which of these categories are paraphyletic and which are monophyletic?

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN:9780134580999
Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn
Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation
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This figure identifies lineages as plants, non-vascular plants, vascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants. Which of these categories are paraphyletic and which are monophyletic?
Liverworts
Origin of plants (about 470 mya)
Mosses
ANCESTRAL
GREEN ALGA
Hornworts
Lycophytes (club mosses,
spikemosses, quillworts)
Origin of vascular plants (about 425 mya)
Monilophytes (ferns,
horsetails, whisk ferns)
Gymnosperms
Origin of seed plants
3 (about 360 mya)
Angiosperms
500
450
400
350
300
50
0.
Millions of years ago (mya)
Vascular plants
Nonvascular
plants
(bryophytes)
Seedless
vascular
plants
Seed plants
Transcribed Image Text:Liverworts Origin of plants (about 470 mya) Mosses ANCESTRAL GREEN ALGA Hornworts Lycophytes (club mosses, spikemosses, quillworts) Origin of vascular plants (about 425 mya) Monilophytes (ferns, horsetails, whisk ferns) Gymnosperms Origin of seed plants 3 (about 360 mya) Angiosperms 500 450 400 350 300 50 0. Millions of years ago (mya) Vascular plants Nonvascular plants (bryophytes) Seedless vascular plants Seed plants
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