There has been substantial interest in using fuel cells as power sources in automo for current fuel cell systems are hydrogen and oxygen. It is difficult to use hydrog the problems of storage and refueling. A proposed concept is to use gasoline as the out of it. The method is to partially oxidize the fuel to CO and H2 first. Then the C one of the end products in the exhaust) by the Water-Gas shift reaction to form H2 cell. You are to analyze the energetics of the process (i.e., energy balance analysis losses). You may represent the gasoline as iso-octane and assume ideal reactions,i

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a) There has been substantial interest in using fuel cells as power sources in automobiles. The only practical reactants
for current fuel cell systems are hydrogen and oxygen. It is difficult to use hydrogen directly in a vehicle because of
the problems of storage and refueling. A proposed concept is to use gasoline as the fuel on-board and make hydrogen
out of it. The method is to partially oxidize the fuel to CO and H2 first. Then the CO is reacted with the H2O (which is
one of the end products in the exhaust) by the Water-Gas shift reaction to form H2 and CO2. The H2 is used in the fuel
cell. You are to analyze the energetics of the process (i.e., energy balance analysis only; ignoring all the irreversibility
losses). You may represent the gasoline as iso-octane and assume ideal reactions, i.e. the partial oxidation only forms
CO and H2 and that all CO is converted to CO2 and H2 in the Water-Gas shift reaction.
i.
On the basis of the energetics of the reactions, what is the maximum energy conversion efficiency of such a
system?
ii.
How would your answer change if the fuel is not iso-octane but ethanol? (What is the major difference?)
Transcribed Image Text:a) There has been substantial interest in using fuel cells as power sources in automobiles. The only practical reactants for current fuel cell systems are hydrogen and oxygen. It is difficult to use hydrogen directly in a vehicle because of the problems of storage and refueling. A proposed concept is to use gasoline as the fuel on-board and make hydrogen out of it. The method is to partially oxidize the fuel to CO and H2 first. Then the CO is reacted with the H2O (which is one of the end products in the exhaust) by the Water-Gas shift reaction to form H2 and CO2. The H2 is used in the fuel cell. You are to analyze the energetics of the process (i.e., energy balance analysis only; ignoring all the irreversibility losses). You may represent the gasoline as iso-octane and assume ideal reactions, i.e. the partial oxidation only forms CO and H2 and that all CO is converted to CO2 and H2 in the Water-Gas shift reaction. i. On the basis of the energetics of the reactions, what is the maximum energy conversion efficiency of such a system? ii. How would your answer change if the fuel is not iso-octane but ethanol? (What is the major difference?)
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