Theorem 6.2. Let C be a compact subset of Rstd- Then C has a maximum point, that is, there is a point m E C such that for every x E C, x < m.
Theorem 6.2. Let C be a compact subset of Rstd- Then C has a maximum point, that is, there is a point m E C such that for every x E C, x < m.
Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
Publisher:Erwin Kreyszig
Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
Section: Chapter Questions
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Transcribed Image Text:**Definitions and Theorem on Covers and Compactness**
**Definition.** Let \( A \) be a subset of \( X \) and let \( \mathcal{C} = \{C_\alpha\}_{\alpha \in \lambda} \) be a collection of subsets of \( X \). Then \( \mathcal{C} \) is a **cover** of \( A \) if and only if \( A \subseteq \bigcup_{\alpha \in \lambda} C_\alpha \). The collection \( \mathcal{C} \) is an **open cover** of \( A \) if and only if \( \mathcal{C} \) is a cover of \( A \) and each \( C_\alpha \) is open. A **subcover** \( \mathcal{C}' \) of a cover \( \mathcal{C} \) of \( A \) is a subcollection of \( \mathcal{C} \) whose elements form a cover of \( A \).
For instance, the open sets \(\{(-n,n)\}_{n \in \mathbb{N}}\) form an open cover of \( \mathbb{R} \). A subcover of this cover is \(\{(-n,n)\}_{n \geq 5}\), because these sets still cover all of \( \mathbb{R} \).
**Definition.** A space \( X \) is **compact** if and only if every open cover of \( X \) has a finite subcover.
**Theorem 6.2.** Let \( C \) be a compact subset of \( \mathbb{R}_{\text{std}} \). Then \( C \) has a maximum point, that is, there is a point \( m \in C \) such that for every \( x \in C \), \( x \leq m \).
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