Theorem 13.Let {xn} be a solution of Eq.(1). Then the following statements are true: (i) N>0, the intial conditions Suppose b < d and for some XN-1+1, XN-k+1,•…•, XN-1, XN E ...) are valid, then for b+ e and ď + be, we have the inequality $(A+B+C+D)+ S Xn S (A+B+C+D)+• b (df–be) (b-e) (44) for all n N. (ii) N>0, the intial conditions Suppose b > d and for some XN-1+1,·…, XN–k+1, •……, XN–1, XN E 6. are valid, then for b + e and d # be, we have the inequality (A+B+C+D)+ s Xns (A+B+C+D)+ (f-be)' (45) for all n> N. Proof.First of all, if for some N>0, < XN S1 and b#e, we have bxN-k XN+1 = AXN+ BXN–k+CxN–1+Dxŋ-o+ dxN-k- exN-1 bxN-k

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ISBN:9780470458365
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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Theorem 13.Let {xn} be a solution of Eq.(1). Then the
following
statements
are
true:
(i)
N>0, the intial conditions
Suppose
b <
d
and
for
some
XN-1+1,..., XN-k+1, ..., XN-1, XN E
are valid, then for b + e and d + be, we have the
inequality
(A+B+C+D) +
b
(b-e)'
(44)
(df– be)
< Xn < (A+B+C+D)+
for
all
N.
(ii)
N>0, the intial conditions
Suppose
b >
d
and
for
some
XN-1+1,.. XN-k+1, ·…,XN-1, XN E |1,
are valid, then for b + e and d + be, we have the
inequality
(A+B+C+D)+ a s Xm s%(A+B+C+D)+ T
(f-be)
(45)
for all n> N.
Proof.First of all, if for some N>0, < XN <1 and b#e,
we have
bxN-k
XN+1
= AXN+ BXN-k+Cxn–1+DxN-o +
dxN-k- exN-1
bxN-k
<A+B+ С+D+
(46)
dxN-k- exN-1
But, it is easy to see that dxN-k- exn-12 b- e, then for
b+ e, we get
XN+1 <A+B+C+D+
(47)
b- e
Similarly, we can show that
b.
;(A+B+C+D)+
bxN-k
(48)
XN+1 2
dxN-k- exN-1
d² – be then for ď +
But, one can see that dxN-k- exN-1<
be, we get
d
XN+1 2(A
(A+B+C+D)+
d – be
(49)
From (47) and (49) we deduce for all n> N that the
inequality (44) is valid. Hence, the proof of part (i) is
completed.
Similarly, if 1 < XN <, then we can prove part (ii)
which is omitted here for convenience. Thus, the proof is
now completed.O
Transcribed Image Text:Theorem 13.Let {xn} be a solution of Eq.(1). Then the following statements are true: (i) N>0, the intial conditions Suppose b < d and for some XN-1+1,..., XN-k+1, ..., XN-1, XN E are valid, then for b + e and d + be, we have the inequality (A+B+C+D) + b (b-e)' (44) (df– be) < Xn < (A+B+C+D)+ for all N. (ii) N>0, the intial conditions Suppose b > d and for some XN-1+1,.. XN-k+1, ·…,XN-1, XN E |1, are valid, then for b + e and d + be, we have the inequality (A+B+C+D)+ a s Xm s%(A+B+C+D)+ T (f-be) (45) for all n> N. Proof.First of all, if for some N>0, < XN <1 and b#e, we have bxN-k XN+1 = AXN+ BXN-k+Cxn–1+DxN-o + dxN-k- exN-1 bxN-k <A+B+ С+D+ (46) dxN-k- exN-1 But, it is easy to see that dxN-k- exn-12 b- e, then for b+ e, we get XN+1 <A+B+C+D+ (47) b- e Similarly, we can show that b. ;(A+B+C+D)+ bxN-k (48) XN+1 2 dxN-k- exN-1 d² – be then for ď + But, one can see that dxN-k- exN-1< be, we get d XN+1 2(A (A+B+C+D)+ d – be (49) From (47) and (49) we deduce for all n> N that the inequality (44) is valid. Hence, the proof of part (i) is completed. Similarly, if 1 < XN <, then we can prove part (ii) which is omitted here for convenience. Thus, the proof is now completed.O
The objective of this article is to investigate some
qualitative behavior of the solutions of the nonlinear
difference equation
bxn-k
Xn+1 = Axn+ Bx–k+Cxn-1+ Dxn-o+
dxn-k– exŋ-
n= 0,1,2,.....
(1)
where the coefficients A, B, C, D, b, d, e E (0,0), while
k, 1 and o are positive integers. The initial conditions
X_g,..., X_1,.., X_k, ….., X_1, X are arbitrary positive real
numbers such that k <1< 0. Note that the special cases
of Eq.(1) have been studied in [1] when B=C= D=0,
and k= 0,1= 1, b is replaced by – b and in [27] when
B=C= D=0, and k= 0, b is replaced by
[33] when B = C = D = 0, 1= 0 and in [32] when
A=C= D=0, 1=0, b is replaced by – b.
b and in
%3|
Transcribed Image Text:The objective of this article is to investigate some qualitative behavior of the solutions of the nonlinear difference equation bxn-k Xn+1 = Axn+ Bx–k+Cxn-1+ Dxn-o+ dxn-k– exŋ- n= 0,1,2,..... (1) where the coefficients A, B, C, D, b, d, e E (0,0), while k, 1 and o are positive integers. The initial conditions X_g,..., X_1,.., X_k, ….., X_1, X are arbitrary positive real numbers such that k <1< 0. Note that the special cases of Eq.(1) have been studied in [1] when B=C= D=0, and k= 0,1= 1, b is replaced by – b and in [27] when B=C= D=0, and k= 0, b is replaced by [33] when B = C = D = 0, 1= 0 and in [32] when A=C= D=0, 1=0, b is replaced by – b. b and in %3|
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