(Theme 5) AraC is a transcriptional activator that binds to the AraC binding site and is encoded by the gene araC. lac/ encodes the Lacl repressor that binds to the lac operator sequence. gfp encodes GFP, a fluorescent protein that can be easily visualized. You grow a culture of bacteria where each cell contains all three of the below genetic constructs in their genomes, and add a small amount of the sugar arabinose, which induces the expression of a small amount of AraC protein from a different location in the genome (not shown). Arrows indicate the transcriptional start site. The expression pattern of GFP over time is shown on the right. AraC binding site lac operator arac lacl GFP GFP amount M time A) Briefly explain how GFP expression is turned on after adding arabinose. B) Briefly explain how GFP expression is turned off. C) Briefly explain how GFP is turned on again after it has been turned off.

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A:

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Bacterial Genomics

The study of the morphological, physiological, and evolutionary aspects of the bacterial genome is referred to as bacterial genomics. This subdisciplinary field aids in understanding how genes are assembled into genomes. Further, bacterial or microbial genomics has helped researchers in understanding the pathogenicity of bacteria and other microbes.

Transformation Experiment in Bacteria

In the discovery of genetic material, the experiment conducted by Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumonia proved to be a stepping stone.

Plasmids and Vectors

The DNA molecule that exists in a circular shape and is smaller in size which is capable of its replication is called Plasmids. In other words, it is called extra-chromosomal plasmid DNA. Vectors are the molecule which is capable of carrying genetic material which can be transferred into another cell and further carry out replication and expression. Plasmids can act as vectors.