The temperature inside a supernova explosion is said to beb 2.00×1013 K . (a) What would the average velocity vrms of hydrogen atoms be? (b) What is unreasonable about this velocity? (c) Which premise or assumption is responsible?
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The temperature inside a supernova explosion is said to beb 2.00×1013 K . (a) What would the average velocity vrms of hydrogen atoms be? (b) What is unreasonable about this velocity? (c) Which premise or assumption is responsible?
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- The atomic and molecular rms speeds of gases, vrms, are usually quite large, even at low temperatures. What is vrms, in meters per second, for helium atoms at 5.85 K (which is close to the point of liquefaction)?Please answer all parts: Problem 3: There are lots of examples of ideal gases in the universe, and they exist in many different conditions. In this problem we will examine what the temperature of these various phenomena are. Part (a) Give an expression for the temperature of an ideal gas in terms of pressure P, particle density per unit volume ρ, and fundamental constants. T = ______ Part (b) Near the surface of Venus, its atmosphere has a pressure fv= 91 times the pressure of Earth's atmosphere, and a particle density of around ρv = 0.91 × 1027 m-3. What is the temperature of Venus' atmosphere (in C) near the surface? Part (c) The Orion nebula is one of the brightest diffuse nebulae in the sky (look for it in the winter, just below the three bright stars in Orion's belt). It is a very complicated mess of gas, dust, young star systems, and brown dwarfs, but let's estimate its temperature if we assume it is a uniform ideal gas. Assume it is a sphere of radius r = 5.7 × 1015 m…Helium atoms interact very weakly with each other; helium only liquefies at 4.2 K at standardpressure. What is the kinetic energy of a helium atom:(a) at 100. K?(b) at 10.0 K?
- A sample of argon gas is at a pressure of 1.5 x 105 Pa and a temper- ature of 350 K. (a) Determine the number of argon atoms per unit volume. (b) Estimate the speed of the argon atoms between collisions. (c) Estimate the number of collisions that a single atom of argon makes per second. The diameter of an argon atom is approxi- mately 3.4 x 10-10 m.Much of the gas near the Sun is atomic hydrogen. Its temperature would have to be 1.50 107 K for the average speed vrms to equal the escape speed of the Sun. What is that speed? The atomic mass of hydrogen is 1.008 10-3 kg/mol.1.1 m3. The mass of the balloon 3. Consider a hot-air balloon with fixed volume VB envelope, whose volume is to be neglected in comparison to VB, is mL balloon shall be started, where the external air temperature is T = 20°C and the normal 0.187 kg. The
- The mass of a helium atom is 6.650e–27 kg. What is the average speed of a helium molecule in a monoatomic gas at a temperature of 77 C?The Sun radiates like a perfect black body with an emissivity of exactly 1. (a) Calculate the surface temperature of the Sun, given that it is a sphere with a 7.00×108-m radius that radiates 3.80×1026 W into 3-K space. (b) How much power does the Sun radiate per square meter of its surface? (c) How much power in watts per square meter is that value at the distance of Earth, 1.50×1011 m away? (This number is called the solar constant.)Luxes explored an unknown planet with an atmosphere made of pure nitrogen. Suddenly, he shrunk to the size and mass of nitrogen molecules and moved at an average (RMS) room temperature speed. (a) How fast is Luxes moving? (b) If the temperature increases by a factor of 5, by what factor would the average (RMS) speed of the molecule-sized Luxes change?
- The temperature inside a supernova explosion is said to be 2.00×1013 K . (a) What would the average velocity vrms of hydrogen atoms be?(b) What is unreasonable about this velocity? (c) Which premise or assumption is responsible?At what height is the atmospheric pressure 29.0% of what it is at sea level? Assume the molar mass of the air molecules to be 29.0 g/mol and that the air temperature is uniformly 287 K. [Answer in kilometres with 3 sig digits, but do not enter units with your answer]A krypton-84 atom has a mass of 1.39 x 10-25 kg. (a) What temperature (in K) would a gas composed entirely of krypton-84 atoms have to be at in order for the rms speed of the atoms to equal the escape speed from Earth, 1.12 x 10 m/s? K (b) What temperature (in K) would a gas composed entirely of krypton-84 atoms have to be at in order for the rms speed of the atoms to equal the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 x 10 m/s? K