Answered: The table shows the U.S. population and…

MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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Question

The table shows the U.S. population and the number of Americans over age 65 at 10-year intervals since 1940 (about when the Social Security program was created). YEAR 1940 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 U.S. Population (millions) 132 151 179 203 227 249 281 309 Americans over age 65 (millions) 9.0 12.7 17.2 20.9 26.1 31.9 34.9 40.4 a) What is the percentage increase in the U.S. population between 1940 and 2010? b) What is the percentage increase in the over-65 population between 1940 and 2010? c) In 2010, there were approximately 165 million Americans of working age (25-65). Estimate (Assume ½ of this population is working), the number of people who were actually working and contributing to Social Security in 2010. Compare this number to the over-65 population. d) How do these results affect the future of programs such as Social Security and Medicare? PART 2 – Growth: Linear versus Exponential Lab 5. Based on information in Deep River Jim’s Wilderness Trail Book, the rate at which crickets chirp varies with the temperature. At 59o F., they make 76 chirps per minute, and at 65o F., they make 100 chirps per minute. a) Is this a linear or exponential function? b) Predict the chirping rate for 70o F. and 100o F. c) What would you predict the temperature to be if you counted 150 chirps per minute? 6. In 2014, the enrollment at a certain university was 3000 student. Enrollment has been increasing by 2% per year. a) Is this a linear or exponential function? b) Predict what the enrollment will be in the year 2018. c) When will the enrollment reach approximately 3250? 7. The number of dollars it costs you a month to own a car depends on the number of kilometers you drive it that month. Based on figures in Changing Times Magazine, it costs about $158 a month if you drive 300 kilometers, and $230 a month if you drive 1500 kilometers. Assume that a function is a reasonable mathematical model of the way cost varies with distance. a) Is this a linear or exponential function? b) Predict your monthly cost if you drive 500, 1000, and 2000 kilometers per month. c) About how far could you drive in a month without exceeding a cost of $250?

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