The table presents mean cone size (mass) of lodgepole pine in 16 study sites in three types of environments in western North America (Edelaar and Benkman 2006). The three environments were islands of lodgepole pines in which pine squirrels were absent (an "island" here refers to a patch of lodgepole pine surrounded by other habitat and separated from the large tracts of contiguous lodgepole pine forests), islands with squirrels present, and sites within the large areas of extensive lodgepole pines ("mainland") that all have squirrels. The main comparison of interest in this study, identified before the data were gathered, was the comparison between islands with and without squirrels, because this comparison controls for any effects of forest isolation on the mass of lodgepole pine cones. Habitat type Island, squirrels absent Island, squirrels present Mainland, squirrels present Raw data (g) 9.6, 9.4, 8.9, 8.8, 8.5, 8.2 6.8, 6.6, 6.0, 5.7, 5.3 6.7, 6.4, 6.2, 5.7, 5.6 Mean SD 8.90 0.53 6.08 0.62 6.12 0.47 Click to download the data in your preferred format. CSV Excel JMP Mac-Text Minitab PC-Text R SPSS TI CrunchIt! Taking into account the type of comparison that you previously identified for this study, calculate a 95% confidence interval for the difference in cone mass between islands with and without squirrels. Assume that sites were randomly sampled. (Measure the difference as islands without squirrels minus islands with squirrels.) Give your answer as an interval in the form (lower bound, upper bound). Round each bound to two decimal places. Use Statistical Table C if necessary.
The table presents mean cone size (mass) of lodgepole pine in 16 study sites in three types of environments in western North America (Edelaar and Benkman 2006). The three environments were islands of lodgepole pines in which pine squirrels were absent (an "island" here refers to a patch of lodgepole pine surrounded by other habitat and separated from the large tracts of contiguous lodgepole pine forests), islands with squirrels present, and sites within the large areas of extensive lodgepole pines ("mainland") that all have squirrels. The main comparison of interest in this study, identified before the data were gathered, was the comparison between islands with and without squirrels, because this comparison controls for any effects of forest isolation on the mass of lodgepole pine cones. Habitat type Island, squirrels absent Island, squirrels present Mainland, squirrels present Raw data (g) 9.6, 9.4, 8.9, 8.8, 8.5, 8.2 6.8, 6.6, 6.0, 5.7, 5.3 6.7, 6.4, 6.2, 5.7, 5.6 Mean SD 8.90 0.53 6.08 0.62 6.12 0.47 Click to download the data in your preferred format. CSV Excel JMP Mac-Text Minitab PC-Text R SPSS TI CrunchIt! Taking into account the type of comparison that you previously identified for this study, calculate a 95% confidence interval for the difference in cone mass between islands with and without squirrels. Assume that sites were randomly sampled. (Measure the difference as islands without squirrels minus islands with squirrels.) Give your answer as an interval in the form (lower bound, upper bound). Round each bound to two decimal places. Use Statistical Table C if necessary.
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
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please answer 95% confidence interval - answer is NOT 2.04,3.60!!!!
this is a planned comparison study!
Transcribed Image Text:The table presents the mean cone size (mass) of lodgepole pine in 16 study sites within three types of environments in western North America, based on a study by Edelaar and Benkman (2006). The environments are defined as follows:
1. **Islands with squirrels absent**: Refers to patches of lodgepole pine isolated by other habitats, lacking squirrels.
2. **Islands with squirrels present**: Similar island habitats but with the presence of squirrels.
3. **Mainland with squirrels present**: Large areas of lodgepole pines that have squirrels.
#### Table Description:
| Habitat type | Raw data (g) | Mean | SD |
|------------------------------|----------------------------------|------|------|
| Island, squirrels absent | 9.6, 9.4, 8.9, 8.8, 8.5, 8.2 | 8.90 | 0.53 |
| Island, squirrels present | 6.8, 6.6, 6.0, 5.7, 5.3 | 6.08 | 0.62 |
| Mainland, squirrels present | 6.7, 6.4, 6.2, 5.7, 5.6 | 6.12 | 0.47 |
The key comparison focuses on the difference in cone mass between islands with and without squirrels, aiming to control for forest isolation effects.
You can download the data in various formats: CSV, Excel, JMP, Mac-Text, Minitab, PC-Text, R, SPSS, TI, CrunchIt!
#### Task:
Calculate a 95% confidence interval for the difference in cone mass between islands with and without squirrels, using islands without squirrels minus islands with squirrels. Provide the answer as an interval in the form (lower bound, upper bound), rounded to two decimal places. Use Statistical Table C if needed.
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