the t Statistic 12. The spotlight effect refers to overestinmating the extent to which others notice your appearance or especially when you commit a social faux pas. behavior, C. s is selected reatment is ample. After be M 74.5 Effectively, you feel as if you are suddenly standing in a spotlight with everyone looking. In one demonstra- tion of this phenomenon, Gilovich, Medvec, and Say- 15. W th itsky (2000) asked college students to put on a Manilow T-shirt that fellow students had previously judged to be embarrassing. The participants were then led into a room in which other students were participating in an experiment. After a few minutes, the participant was led back out of the room and woe allowed to remove the shirt. Later, each participant was asked to estimate how many people in the room had noticed the shirt. The individuals who were in the room were also asked whether they noticed the shirt In the study, the participants significantly overestimat- ed the actual number of people who had noticed. a. In a similar study using a sample of n = 9 pants, the individuals who wore the shirt produced an average estimate of M = 6.4 with SS = 162. The average number who said they noticed was 3.1. Is the estimate from the participants signifi- cantly different from the actual number? Test the null hypothesis that the true mean is u = 3.1 using a two-tailed test with a = Barry n the mean te or the original t, this value already I ch differ- en the sample , find the hesis test, atistic.) ment have a vith a = .05. elected ment is ole. After 1= 40.1 9 partici- 16. %3D %D e mean ne original ais value %3D = .05. differ- n and its b. Is the estimate from the participants significantly higher than the actual number (u = 3.1)? Use a one-tailed test with a = .05. d error %3D e is the %3D 13. To evaluate the effect of a treatment, a sample is ob- t have a tained from a population with a mean of p = 40. che the treatment is administered to the individuals in the sample. After treatment, the sample mean is found to a = .05. 40, and %3D ctive et al., be M = 44 5 with

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Unitary Method

The word “unitary” comes from the word “unit”, which means a single and complete entity. In this method, we find the value of a unit product from the given number of products, and then we solve for the other number of products. 

Speed, Time, and Distance

Imagine you and 3 of your friends are planning to go to the playground at 6 in the evening. Your house is one mile away from the playground and one of your friends named Jim must start at 5 pm to reach the playground by walk. The other two friends are 3 miles away.

Profit and Loss

The amount earned or lost on the sale of one or more items is referred to as the profit or loss on that item.

Units and Measurements

Measurements and comparisons are the foundation of science and engineering. We, therefore, need rules that tell us how things are measured and compared. For these measurements and comparisons, we perform certain experiments, and we will need the experiments to set up the devices.