the string vibrates, (ii) when the tension is increased by turning a tuning peg, (iii) when the linear density is increased by switching to another string. 31. Suppose that the cost (in dollars) for a company to produce x pairs of a new line of jeans is C(x)= 2000 + 3x + 0.01x2 + 0.0002x' (a) Find the marginal cost function. (b) Find C'(100) and explain its meaning. What does it predict? (c) Compare C(100) with the cost of manufacturing the 101st pair of jeans. 32. The cost function for a certain commodity is 3. C(q) = 84 + 0.16q – 0.0006q?+ 0.000003q (a) Find and interpret C'(100). (b) Compare C'(100) with the cost of producing the 101st item. 33. If p(x) is the total value of the production when there are x workers in a plant, then the average productivity of the workforce at the plant is p(x) A(x) (a) Find A'(x). Why does the company want to hire more workers if A'(x) > 0? (b) Show that A'(x) > 0 if p'(x) is greater than the average productivity. 34. If R denotes the reaction of the body to some stimulus of strength x, the sensitivity S is defined to be the rate of change of the reaction with respect to x. A particular example is that when the brightness x of a light source is increased, the eye reacts by decreasing the area R of the pupil. The experimental formula 40 +24x04 0.4 1+4x has been used to model the dependence of R on x when R is measured in square millimeters and x is measured in appropriate units of brightness. (a) Find the sensitivity. (b) Illustrate part (a) by graphing both R and S as functions of x. Comment on the values of R and S at low levels of brightness. Is this what you would expect? 35. Patients undergo dialysis treatment to remove urea from their

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Unitary Method

The word “unitary” comes from the word “unit”, which means a single and complete entity. In this method, we find the value of a unit product from the given number of products, and then we solve for the other number of products. 

Speed, Time, and Distance

Imagine you and 3 of your friends are planning to go to the playground at 6 in the evening. Your house is one mile away from the playground and one of your friends named Jim must start at 5 pm to reach the playground by walk. The other two friends are 3 miles away.

Profit and Loss

The amount earned or lost on the sale of one or more items is referred to as the profit or loss on that item.

Units and Measurements

Measurements and comparisons are the foundation of science and engineering. We, therefore, need rules that tell us how things are measured and compared. For these measurements and comparisons, we perform certain experiments, and we will need the experiments to set up the devices.