The Soma Inn is trying to determine its break-even point. The inn has 75 rooms that are rented at $60 a night. Operating costs are as follows. Salaries $10,850 per month Utilities 2,900 per month Depreciation 1,600 per month Maintenance 850 per month Maid service 8 per room Other costs 34 per room Determine the inn’s break-even point in (1) number of rented rooms per month and (2) dollars. 1. Break-even point in rooms 2. Break-even point $ If the inn plans on renting an average of 50 rooms per day (assuming a 30-day month), what is (1) the monthly margin of safety in dollars and (2) the margin of safety ratio? (Round ratio to 0 decimal places, e.g. 10.) 1. Margin of safety $ 2. Margin of safety ratio %
Cost-Volume-Profit Analysis
Cost Volume Profit (CVP) analysis is a cost accounting method that analyses the effect of fluctuating cost and volume on the operating profit. Also known as break-even analysis, CVP determines the break-even point for varying volumes of sales and cost structures. This information helps the managers make economic decisions on a short-term basis. CVP analysis is based on many assumptions. Sales price, variable costs, and fixed costs per unit are assumed to be constant. The analysis also assumes that all units produced are sold and costs get impacted due to changes in activities. All costs incurred by the company like administrative, manufacturing, and selling costs are identified as either fixed or variable.
Marginal Costing
Marginal cost is defined as the change in the total cost which takes place when one additional unit of a product is manufactured. The marginal cost is influenced only by the variations which generally occur in the variable costs because the fixed costs remain the same irrespective of the output produced. The concept of marginal cost is used for product pricing when the customers want the lowest possible price for a certain number of orders. There is no accounting entry for marginal cost and it is only used by the management for taking effective decisions.
| Salaries | $10,850 | per month | |
| Utilities | 2,900 | per month | |
| 1,600 | per month | ||
| Maintenance | 850 | per month | |
| Maid service | 8 | per room | |
| Other costs | 34 | per room |
| 1. | Break-even point in rooms |
|
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| 2. | Break-even point |
$
|
| 1. | Margin of safety |
$
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| 2. | Margin of safety ratio |
|
% |
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