1. Aggregate supply definitionsThe short-run aggregate supply curve shows:O The relationship between the price level and aggregate expenditureO What happens to the level of real GDP suppliers are willing and able to produce in an economy as the overall price level changes, during aperiod in which output prices can change but input prices are fixedO How firms respond to changes in interest ratesO What happens to output in an economy when the government spends more moneyWhich of the following are assumed to remain unchanged along a given short-run aggregate supply curve? Check all that apply.O Real GDPO Input pricesO The position of the aggregate demand curveO The technology available to firmsThe natural rate of unemployment refers to:O The unemployment rate that occurs when an economy's real GDP is equal to its potential outputO The unemployment that arises due to purely seasonal factors, such as unemployed lifeguards in the winterO The unemployment rate that would occur if there were no frictional unemploymentO The minimum possible unemployment rate of an economyComplete the following table by matching each definition to the appropriate economic time frame.DefinitionShort RunLong RunA period of time in which all input prices and wages are renegotiatedA period of time in which some input prices and wages are fixed

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The short-run aggregate supply curve shows: O The relationship between the price level and aggregate expenditure O What happens to the level of real GDP suppliers are willing and able to produce in an economy as the overall price level changes, during a period in which output prices can change but input prices are fixed How firms respond to changes in interest rates O What happens to output in an economy when the government spends more money

The short-run aggregate supply curve shows: O The relationship between the price level and aggregate expenditure O What happens to the level of real GDP suppliers are willing and able to produce in an economy as the overall price level changes, during a period in which output prices can change but input prices are fixed How firms respond to changes in interest rates O What happens to output in an economy when the government spends more money

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS

14th Edition

ISBN:9780190931919

Author:NEWNAN

Publisher:NEWNAN

Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1QTC

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"Fracking" is a relatively new technology that allows drillers to extract significantly larger quantities of natural gas from existing deposits than was previously possible. How is this discovery likely to affect the economy? (Hint: Think about whether this will have a short-run or long-run effect.) This discovery will likely: O increase both SRAS and LRAS, leading to a long-term increase in output and decrease in prices. O increase AD but decrease both SRAS and LRAS, leading to an uncertain change in long- term output and a decrease in prices. decrease both SRAS and LRAS, leading to a long-term decrease in output and increase in prices. O increase AD, SRAS, and LRAS, leading to a long-term increase in output and an uncertain change in prices.
Price level Potential output SRAS P3 PI P2 Real GDP Y1 Y3 Refer to Exhibit 10.1, which shows the short-run aggregate supply (SRAS) curve of an economy. At a price of P2, firms will O supply less than potential output. O supply more than potential output. O supply potential output. O increase prices. O decrease prices.
9. Economic fluctuations II The following graph shows the aggregate demand curve (AD), the short-run aggregate supply curve (AS), and the long-run aggregate supply curve (LRAS) for a hypothetical economy. Initially, the expected price level equals the actual price level, and the economy experiences long-run equilibrium at a natural level of output of $110 billion. Suppose a bout of severe weather drives up agricultural costs, increases the costs of transporting goods and services, and increases the costs of producing goods and services. Use the graph to help you answer the questions about the short-run and long-run effects of the increase in production costs that follow. (Note: You will not be graded on any adjustments made to the graph.) Hint: For simplicity, ignore any possible impact of the severe weather on the natural level of output. LEVEL 130 125 120 115 110 LRAS AS AD AS ?
Assume that the accompanying graph depicts aggregate supply and demand conditions in an economy. Full employment occurs when $5 trillion of real output is produced. The economy is currently in equilibrium at point A. Price Level (average price) 260 240 220 200 180 160 140 120 100 0 1 A AS₁ 2 3 4 5 6 7 AD₁ Real Output (in trillions of dollars per year) 8 Tools EQ Instructions: In parts a, b, and d, enter your responses as a whole number. a. What is the equilibrium rate of output? $ trillion per year b. How far short of full employment is the equilibrium rate of output? $ trillion c. On the graph, illustrate a shift of aggregate demand that would change the equilibrium rate of output to $5 trillion. Instructions: Shift the aggregate demand curve (AD1) such that the equilibrium in the macro model is at $5 trillion. Then use the tool provided 'EQ' to label the new equilibrium. d. What is the price level at this full-employment equilibrium?
Supply, S Real Interest rate Demand Loanable funds (billions of dollars per year) Refer to the graph above. Which of the following situations would have caused the shift as shown in the graph? O Taxes are changed so that real interest income is taxed rather than nominal interest income An expected recession decreases the profitability of new investment O The government runs a budget deficit O Technological change increases the profitability of new investment
$ Which of the following would cause the Aggregate Supply curve to move from AS to AS2 in the graph below? fs Price Level 150 140 130 120 110 100 90 80 70 60 % 5 0 16 5 O A general increase in energy and labor cost for businesses. O A federal government increase in spending. t 6 10 15 Real GDP ($ billion) -AS-AD-AS2 2 fa lyi & 7 7 J * 20 8 8 num lk ( 25 (1¹) 9
In the figure, as the price level increases the aggregate demand curve will Price level (GDP price index, 2012 = 100) A. not shift. O B. not shift, but the aggregate demand curve will change so that it is positively sloped. O C. shift from AD, to AD, O D. shift from AD, to AD, and then back to AD,. E. shift from AD, to AD3. AD2 AD3 AD1 Real GDP (trillions of 2012 dollars)
With the passage of time, which of the following will help direct this economy in Figure 10-21 toward its potential long-run rate of output (e1 to E2)? Figure 10-21 Price Level ti LRAS E₂ SRAS, SRAS: AD₂ AD₁ Y, Y₁ Goods and Services (Real GDP) Output is initially less than long-run capacity O lower interest rates that will stimulate AD and lower resource prices that will increase SRAS O higher interest rates that will reduce aggregate demand and higher resource prices that will reduce SRAS lower interest rates and higher resource prices, both of which will stimulate aggregate demand O higher interest rates that will reduce SRAS and lower resource prices that will stimulate aggregate demand
Which of the following would be one of the factors that shift the aggregate demand curve? A change in: Domestic resource availability O Prices of imported resources O Property values O Productivity
Which of the following government actions will shift the aggregate demand right? Select one: O O O a. a rise in personal income taxes b. closing up a military facility to reduce costs c. a repeal of an investment tax credit d. an increase in the money supply
Note: Line segments will automatically connect the points. PRICE LEVEL (Billions of dollars) 200 160 120 0 80 160 240 REAL GDP (Index numbers) The equilibrium price level is 320 400 Initial AD The change in government spending the multiplier effect. SRAS New AD ✓, and the equilibrium level of real output is Suppose that the government spending increases by $16 billion and the expenditure multiplier in this economy is 5. On the previous graph, use the purple points (diamond symbols) to illustrate the effect of the increase in government spending on the aggregate demand (New AD) curve. the equilibrium level of real output by . The price level increase
In order to shift the vertical aggregate supply curve to the left, which of the following would have to occur? O expansion of potential GDP O increase in productivity flexible wage and price adjustments O breakdown of key market institutions