The rigid tank shown in the figure has a volume of 0.05 m³ and initially contains a two-phase liquid- vapor mixture of ammonia at a pressure of 2 bar and a quality of 20%. As the tank contents are heated, a pressure-regulating valve keeps the pressure constant in the tank by allowing saturated vapor to escape. The heating continues until the final quality is 50%. Kinetic and potential energy effects can be neglected. Ammonia Pressure-regulating valve X==100% (e) (sat. vapor) V=0.05 m³ p=2 bar Xinitial = 20% (1) Xfinal = 50% (2) 3 te amount of heat transfer in kJ for the process termine the final mass in the tank, in kg, and the

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Properties of Pure Substances

A substance with fixed chemical composition throughout is called a pure substance like water, air, and nitrogen. A pure substance does not have to be a single element or compound. A mixture of two or more phases of a pure substance is also a pure substance as long as the chemical composition is the same for all phases. These substances mainly have a constant/ uniform composition. The substances also have fixed boiling and melting points. A pure substance takes part in a chemical reaction to form predictable products.