The relationship between marginal and average costs Consider the following scenario to understand the relationship between marginal and average values. Suppose Jacques is a professional basketball player, and his game log for free throws can be summarized in the following table. Fill in the columns with Jacques’s free-throw percentage for each game and his overall free-throw average after each game. Game Game Result Total Game Free-Throw Percentage Average Free-Throw Percentage 1 8/10 8/10 80 80 2 6/10 14/20 3 1/5 15/25 4 3/5 18/30 5 8/10 26/40 On the following graph, use the orange points (square symbol) to plot Jacques’s free-throw percentage for each game individually, and use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot his overall average free-throw percentage after each game. Note: Plot your points in the order in which you would like them connected. Line segments will connect the points automatically. Game Free-Throw PercentageAverage Free-Throw Percentage0123451009080706050403020100FREE-THROW PERCENTAGEGAME You can think of the result in any one game as being Jacques’s marginal free-throw percentage. Based on your previous answer, you can deduce that when Jacques’s marginal free-throw percentage is below the average, the average must be . You can now apply this analysis to production costs. For a U-shaped average total cost (ATC) curve, when the marginal cost curve is below the average total cost curve, the average total cost must be . Also, when the marginal cost curve is above the average total cost curve, the average total cost must be . Therefore, the marginal cost curve intersects the average total cost curve
The relationship between marginal and average costs Consider the following scenario to understand the relationship between marginal and average values. Suppose Jacques is a professional basketball player, and his game log for free throws can be summarized in the following table. Fill in the columns with Jacques’s free-throw percentage for each game and his overall free-throw average after each game. Game Game Result Total Game Free-Throw Percentage Average Free-Throw Percentage 1 8/10 8/10 80 80 2 6/10 14/20 3 1/5 15/25 4 3/5 18/30 5 8/10 26/40 On the following graph, use the orange points (square symbol) to plot Jacques’s free-throw percentage for each game individually, and use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot his overall average free-throw percentage after each game. Note: Plot your points in the order in which you would like them connected. Line segments will connect the points automatically. Game Free-Throw PercentageAverage Free-Throw Percentage0123451009080706050403020100FREE-THROW PERCENTAGEGAME You can think of the result in any one game as being Jacques’s marginal free-throw percentage. Based on your previous answer, you can deduce that when Jacques’s marginal free-throw percentage is below the average, the average must be . You can now apply this analysis to production costs. For a U-shaped average total cost (ATC) curve, when the marginal cost curve is below the average total cost curve, the average total cost must be . Also, when the marginal cost curve is above the average total cost curve, the average total cost must be . Therefore, the marginal cost curve intersects the average total cost curve
Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1QTC
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3. The relationship between marginal and average costs
Consider the following scenario to understand the relationship between marginal and average values. Suppose Jacques is a professional basketball player, and his game log for free throws can be summarized in the following table.
Fill in the columns with Jacques’s free-throw percentage for each game and his overall free-throw average after each game.
Game
|
Game Result
|
Total
|
Game Free-Throw Percentage
|
Average Free-Throw Percentage
|
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 8/10 | 8/10 | 80 | 80 |
2 | 6/10 | 14/20 |
|
|
3 | 1/5 | 15/25 |
|
|
4 | 3/5 | 18/30 |
|
|
5 | 8/10 | 26/40 |
|
|
On the following graph, use the orange points (square symbol) to plot Jacques’s free-throw percentage for each game individually, and use the green points (triangle symbol) to plot his overall average free-throw percentage after each game.
Note: Plot your points in the order in which you would like them connected. Line segments will connect the points automatically.
Game Free-Throw PercentageAverage Free-Throw Percentage0123451009080706050403020100FREE-THROW PERCENTAGEGAME
You can think of the result in any one game as being Jacques’s marginal free-throw percentage. Based on your previous answer, you can deduce that when Jacques’s marginal free-throw percentage is below the average, the average must be .
You can now apply this analysis to production costs. For a U-shaped average total cost (ATC) curve, when the marginal cost curve is below the average total cost curve, the average total cost must be . Also, when the marginal cost curve is above the average total cost curve, the average total cost must be . Therefore, the marginal cost curve intersects the average total cost curve .
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