The real risk-free rate (r*) is 2.8% and is expected to remain constant. Inflation is expected to be 4% per year for each of the next four years and 3% thereafter. The maturity risk premium (MRP) is determined from the formula: 0.1(t – 1)%, where t is the security’s maturity. The liquidity premium (LP) on all Rink Machine Co.’s bonds is 1.05%. The following table shows the current relationship between bond ratings and default risk premiums (DRP): Rating Default Risk Premium U.S. Treasury — AAA 0.60% AA 0.80% A 1.05% BBB 1.45% Rink Machine Co. issues fourteen-year, AA-rated bonds. What is the yield on one of these bonds? Disregard cross-product terms; that is, if averaging is required, use the arithmetic average. 7.94% 9.24% 8.19% 5.95% Based on your understanding of the determinants of interest rates, if everything else remains the same, which of the following will be true? An AAA-rated bond has less default risk than a BB-rated bond. A BBB-rated bond has a lower default risk premium as compared to an AAA-rated bond.
Debenture Valuation
A debenture is a private and long-term debt instrument issued by financial, non-financial institutions, governments, or corporations. A debenture is classified as a type of bond, where the instrument carries a fixed rate of interest, commonly known as the ‘coupon rate.’ Debentures are documented in an indenture, clearly specifying the type of debenture, the rate and method of interest computation, and maturity date.
Note Valuation
It is the process to determine the value or worth of an asset, liability, debt of the company. It can be determined by many processes or techniques. Many factors can impact the valuation of an asset, liability, or the company, like:
Rating
|
Default Risk Premium
|
---|---|
U.S. Treasury | — |
AAA | 0.60% |
AA | 0.80% |
A | 1.05% |
BBB | 1.45% |
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