The purpose of this problem is to interpret a P-value correctly.1TrueFalseIf P-value = 7%, then the result is not statistically significant.a.b.We have to accept the null hypothesis if P-value > 5%C.We should never reject the null hypothesis if P-value > 5%.d.For a given hypothesis test, about 5% of all investigators that repeat the experiment will get statistically significant results, if in fact the null hypothesis is right.e.If P-value = 3%, then there is about a 3% chance the null hypothesis is right.

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MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications

6th Edition

ISBN:9781119256830

Author:Amos Gilat

Publisher:Amos Gilat

Chapter1: Starting With Matlab

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1P

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If the p-value is very large (say close to 1), then it is likely that we will reject the null hypothesis. True False
You are conducting a study to see if the proportion of voters who prefer Candidate A is significantly less than 0.52. You use a significance level of a = 0.01. Ho:p = 0.52 H1:p < 0.52 You obtain a sample of size n = 414 in which there are 208 successes. What is the p-value for this sample? (Report answer accurate to four decimal places.) p-value = The p-value is... less than (or equal to) a greater than a This p-value leads to a decision to... reject the null accept the null O fail to reject the null
Test the claim that the proportion of people who own cats is smaller than 30% at the 0.025 significance level. The null and alternative hypothesis would be: Ho: p=0.3 Ho: p = 0.3 Ho: p= 0.3 H₁: p 0.3 The p-value is: Ho: p = 0.3 Ho: p = 0.3 H₁: p0.3 H₁:p> 0.3 (to 2 decimals) (to 2 decimals)
Which of the following statements is true regarding the influence of a small alpha level in the context of hypothesis testing? a. A small alpha level reduces the likelihood of a Type I error. b. A small alpha level reduces the effect size. c. A small alpha level increases statistical power. d. A small alpha level increases the likelihood of detecting statistical significance.
Looking at youth depression scores from a general sample of random children in the US, we want to determine if our sample is significantly different than the national average of scores of children with depression in the US. The national average of scores on a measure of depression is 5 points. We have no reason to assume it will be higher or lower than the US national average. The sample: 11 9 12 3 3 4 13 1. What is the null and alternative hypotheses? Do not specify any directionality. 2. What did you discover (using 95% Cl)? Provide an interpretation.
Evaluate the significance of the p-value. You can think of the p-value as the probability that the null hypothesis is true. A value greater than 0.05 indicates that in more than 1 in 20 (or more than 5%) repetitions of an experiment of the same size, the observed deviation from predicted valuescould have been obtained by chance, even if the null hypothesis is actually true; the data are therefore not significant for rejecting the null hypothesis. Statisticians have arbitrarily selected the 0.05 p-value as the boundarybetween rejecting or not rejecting the null hypothesis. A p-value of less than 0.05 means that you can consider the deviation to be significant, and you can reject the null hypothesis.
Next question If a sample proportion is 0.68, which of the following could be a 90% confidence interval for the population proportion? ..... Select all that apply. A. Lower bound: 0.59; Upper bound: 0.77 B. Lower bound: 0.66; Upper bound: 0.70 OC. Lower bound: 0.50; Upper bound: 0.77 D. Lower bound: 0.77; Upper bound: 0.95 E. Lower bound: 0.67; Upper bound: 0.71 F3 F4 F5 F7 F8 24 4. %23 2 3. 6. Left control option command
It has been reported in the past that the probability that an individual will develop schizophrenia over their lifetime is 0.004. A researcher believes that this proportion has increases since then. She found out that in a random sample of 2500 individuals, 16 developed schizophrenia. Is there evidence to support the claim that the true proportion of people who will develop schizophrenia is greater 0.004? Use hypothesis testing at a = 0.10 level of significance to answer this question. a. State the null and alternative hypotheses. b. What is the probability model (underlying distribution of the sample proportion p)? c. Compute p. d. Compute the test statistic. e. Find the P-value. f. Make the decision whether to reject Ho or not. g. State a conclusion answering the question above. 1
In hypothesis testing, O if the P-value is 0.01, we should conclude there is a 1% chance the null hypothesis is false. O neither the test statistic nor the P-value can ever be negative. O we always begin the hypothesis test by assuming the null hypothesis is true. O if the P-value is 0.99, we should conclude that the null hypothesis is true. O results that are statistically significant will always be practically important (or practically significant).
1. If the chance for a student passing a class is 50%, then the chance for a student not passing the class can be greater than 50%? true or false 2. 1.30% is not a true probability? true or false 3. Power is 1 minus the probability of making a type I error? true or false 4. Using the same sample data, the margin of error for an 80% confidence interval is bigger than the margin of error for a 90% confidence interval? true or false
If one rejects the null hypothesis at the 5% level, then there is a 5% chance that you made the wrong decision. True /False
(b) (c) (d) What is the value of the sample test statistic? Find (or estimate) the P-value. Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to Teject the null hypothesis? Are the data statistically significant at level a? 6. Professor Jennings claims that only 35% of the students at Flora College work while attending school, Dean Benata thinks that the professor has underestimated the number of students with part-time or full-time jobs. A random sample of 76 students shows that 36 have jobs. Do the data indicate that more than 35% of the students bave jobs? Use a 5% level of significance. What are we testing in this problem? i) single proportion ii) single mean a) What is the level of significance? State the null and alternate hypotheses. what sampling distribution will you use? What assumptions are you making? b) What is the value of the sample test statistic? c) Find (or estimate) the P-value. d) Based on your answers in parts (a) to (c), will you reject or fail to…

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