A) is incorrect **Title: Impact of Arctic Sea Ice and Greenland Ice Sheet Melting on Climate Systems**The present-day decrease in the formation of Arctic sea ice and the melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet are major concerns given the possible impact on the climate system. Which one of the following statements best describes this impact?---1. **Selected Option:** - Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will increase the Earth's albedo in the polar region, which will lead to increased warming.2. **Option 2:** - Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will decrease the heat deficit in the polar regions and weaken the latitudinal temperature gradients, which in turn directly affect the rate of deep-water formation.3. **Option 3:** - Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will lead to a major shift in circulation patterns of the ocean gyres, which in turn decrease the ability of the surface ocean water to sink to the deeper parts of the ocean.4. **Option 4:** - Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will decrease the ability of the polar atmospheric circulation cell to transfer heat energy.5. **Option 5:** - Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will ‘freshen’ the surface ocean in the polar region making it less dense, decrease the rate of deep-water formation and lead to a slowing of the oceanic conveyor belt.

Answered: The present-day decrease in formation…

Applications and Investigations in Earth Science (9th Edition)

9th Edition

ISBN:9780134746241

Author:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Publisher:Edward J. Tarbuck, Frederick K. Lutgens, Dennis G. Tasa

Chapter1: The Study Of Minerals

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1LR

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A) is incorrect

**Title: Impact of Arctic Sea Ice and Greenland Ice Sheet Melting on Climate Systems**

The present-day decrease in the formation of Arctic sea ice and the melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet are major concerns given the possible impact on the climate system. Which one of the following statements best describes this impact?

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1. **Selected Option:**
- Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will increase the Earth's albedo in the polar region, which will lead to increased warming.

2. **Option 2:**
- Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will decrease the heat deficit in the polar regions and weaken the latitudinal temperature gradients, which in turn directly affect the rate of deep-water formation.

3. **Option 3:**
- Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will lead to a major shift in circulation patterns of the ocean gyres, which in turn decrease the ability of the surface ocean water to sink to the deeper parts of the ocean.

4. **Option 4:**
- Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will decrease the ability of the polar atmospheric circulation cell to transfer heat energy.

5. **Option 5:**
- Melting of the Greenland ice sheet and less sea-ice formation will ‘freshen’ the surface ocean in the polar region making it less dense, decrease the rate of deep-water formation and lead to a slowing of the oceanic conveyor belt.

Expert Solution

Step 1

When water gets heated near the equator region in the North Atlantic, it travels north into cold, high latitudes and becomes cooler. Due to this cooling, the water becomes denser, it sinks into the deep ocean and starts traveling again in the direction of South again. Further again warmer waters move in the place its place and again cools then sinks and the cycle continues.