The positions of a particle at times t = 1,2 and 3 are given below. What is the average velocity of the particle in the time interval [1,3] ? %3D r(1) = (2,0, 3) r(2) = (1, 1, 1) r(3) = (-2, 4, 1) Select one: а. 5 b. (1, 1, 1) с. 3 d. (-2, 2, -1) e. (-1,3, 1)

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
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ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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**Educational Content: Understanding Average Velocity**

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**Problem Statement:**

The positions of a particle at times \( t = 1, 2, \) and \( 3 \) are given below. What is the average velocity of the particle in the time interval \([1, 3]\)?

- \( r(1) = \langle 2, 0, 3 \rangle \)
- \( r(2) = \langle 1, 1, 1 \rangle \)
- \( r(3) = \langle -2, 4, 1 \rangle \)

**Select one:**
- a. 5
- b. \( \langle 1, 1, 1 \rangle \)
- c. 3
- d. \( \langle -2, 2, -1 \rangle \)
- e. \( \langle -1, 3, 1 \rangle \)

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**Solution Explanation:**

1. **Understanding Vectors:**
   - Each \( r(t) \) represents the position of a particle in three-dimensional space at a given time \( t \).

2. **Average Velocity Calculation:**
   - Average velocity is defined as the change in position divided by the change in time.
   - Calculate the change in position: 
     \[
     \Delta r = r(3) - r(1) = \langle -2, 4, 1 \rangle - \langle 2, 0, 3 \rangle = \langle -4, 4, -2 \rangle
     \]
   - Calculate the change in time:
     \[
     \Delta t = 3 - 1 = 2
     \]
   - Compute the average velocity:
     \[
     \text{Average Velocity} = \frac{\Delta r}{\Delta t} = \left\langle \frac{-4}{2}, \frac{4}{2}, \frac{-2}{2} \right\rangle = \langle -2, 2, -1 \rangle
     \]

3. **Answer Identification:**
   - The correct choice is d. \( \langle -2, 2, -1 \rangle \).

This problem explores the concept of average velocity in vector form,
Transcribed Image Text:**Educational Content: Understanding Average Velocity** --- **Problem Statement:** The positions of a particle at times \( t = 1, 2, \) and \( 3 \) are given below. What is the average velocity of the particle in the time interval \([1, 3]\)? - \( r(1) = \langle 2, 0, 3 \rangle \) - \( r(2) = \langle 1, 1, 1 \rangle \) - \( r(3) = \langle -2, 4, 1 \rangle \) **Select one:** - a. 5 - b. \( \langle 1, 1, 1 \rangle \) - c. 3 - d. \( \langle -2, 2, -1 \rangle \) - e. \( \langle -1, 3, 1 \rangle \) --- **Solution Explanation:** 1. **Understanding Vectors:** - Each \( r(t) \) represents the position of a particle in three-dimensional space at a given time \( t \). 2. **Average Velocity Calculation:** - Average velocity is defined as the change in position divided by the change in time. - Calculate the change in position: \[ \Delta r = r(3) - r(1) = \langle -2, 4, 1 \rangle - \langle 2, 0, 3 \rangle = \langle -4, 4, -2 \rangle \] - Calculate the change in time: \[ \Delta t = 3 - 1 = 2 \] - Compute the average velocity: \[ \text{Average Velocity} = \frac{\Delta r}{\Delta t} = \left\langle \frac{-4}{2}, \frac{4}{2}, \frac{-2}{2} \right\rangle = \langle -2, 2, -1 \rangle \] 3. **Answer Identification:** - The correct choice is d. \( \langle -2, 2, -1 \rangle \). This problem explores the concept of average velocity in vector form,
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