The Physics Department states the average final exam score for String Theory was 87. You suspect it is lower. From previous years, the population standard deviation is assumed to be 4.5. You take a random sample of 23 students and obtain the following exam scores: S = {80,95, 95, 75, 82, 54, 90, 98, 83, 91, 96, 92, 97, 81, 64, 82, 90, 85, 73, 77, 93, 95, 76}. a) Define the random variable and test an appropriate set of hypotheses to address the question of interest by calculating a p-value and interpreting its numerical value in the context of the problem. Make your conclusions at the 5% level. b) If you do not assume the population standard deviation to be 4.5, how would your results in part (a) change? Explain your reasoning. c) Explain what a Type I error would be in context of the problem.

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The Physics Department states the average final exam score for String Theory
was 87. You suspect it is lower. From previous years, the population standard
deviation is assumed to be 4.5. You take a random sample of 23 students and
obtain the following exam scores:
S = {80,95, 95, 75, 82, 54, 90, 98, 83, 91, 96, 92, 97, 81, 64, 82, 90, 85, 73, 77, 93, 95, 76}.
a) Define the random variable and test an appropriate set of hypotheses to
address the question of interest by calculating a p-value and interpreting
its numerical value in the context of the problem. Make your conclusions
at the 5% level.
b) If you do not assume the population standard deviation to be 4.5, how
would your results in part (a) change? Explain your reasoning.
c) Explain what a Type I error would be in context of the problem.
d) What is the probability of a Type I error?
Transcribed Image Text:The Physics Department states the average final exam score for String Theory was 87. You suspect it is lower. From previous years, the population standard deviation is assumed to be 4.5. You take a random sample of 23 students and obtain the following exam scores: S = {80,95, 95, 75, 82, 54, 90, 98, 83, 91, 96, 92, 97, 81, 64, 82, 90, 85, 73, 77, 93, 95, 76}. a) Define the random variable and test an appropriate set of hypotheses to address the question of interest by calculating a p-value and interpreting its numerical value in the context of the problem. Make your conclusions at the 5% level. b) If you do not assume the population standard deviation to be 4.5, how would your results in part (a) change? Explain your reasoning. c) Explain what a Type I error would be in context of the problem. d) What is the probability of a Type I error?
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