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- A Multinational Enterprise firm is considering to borrow $50 million loan for five-year maturity. It will be an amortized loan, where interest and principal payments will be paid as constant amount of annual instalment till the maturity of loan. However, company has serious concerns over cost of capital investment, structure and appropriateness of interest rate. Based on the credit standing, the borrowing firm assumes 12% interest as an appropriate rate in current financial market. However, local and international banks/financial services providers are negotiating at different interest rate. Based on the above scenario, you are the required to:a- Calculate the amortized interest, principal and total payments schedules for 5 Years @ 12% benchmark rate and compare the same with two different assumed interest rates (minimum & Maximum) offered by banks respectively.b- Evaluate the effect of these different interest rates on the potential annual payments and risks involved for a…A Ghanaian multinational firm has two options in sourcing funds. The first option is to raise cedi on the local financial market at 25% per annum. The second option is to borrow dollars from a US bank at 6% per annum, convert it into cedi and pay the loan in one year. Assuming that the dollar assuming the dollar appreciates by 15% against the cedi by the end of the year when the loan is due, calculate which of the two options is cheaper.Please do not give solution in image format thanku
- AB Borda shall establish a risk-adjusted required rate of return as part of their investment analysis. The company has produced the following information: • The investment will be financed to 40% with bank loans and 60% with equity • The company's tax rate is 22% • The government bond for the intended investment period has an interest rate corresponding to 2% • The company has negotiated with the bank for a loan for the investment with an interest rate of 5%. • For the investment period, the company has an expectation that the index for the market portfolio will increase from the current 110 to 119.9 at the end of the investment period. • The company's intended investment has a covariance with a market portfolio of 120 and that the standard deviation for the market portfolio is 7.56. a) Calculate the company's nationally adjusted return requirement for the investment.Suppose that some commercial bank has $100M in deposits and $20M in capital. Assuming a 10% minimum reserve ratio, what is the maximum amount of loans and securities this bank can own? (exclude inter-bank loans as a possibility for this question)The banking system has $8,000 in reserve, $22,000 in loans, and $30,000 in deposits. If the reserve requirement is 10%. What is the maximum amount of loans the banking system could make? A: If the Fed lowers reserve requirement to 5%, the banking system converts all excess reserves to loans, but borrowers return only 50% of these funds to the banking system as deposits. What is the maximum amount of loans the banking system could make? B: If the Fed lowers reserve requirement to 5%, the banking system converts 75% excess reserves to loans, but borrowers return only 60% of these funds to the banking system as deposits. What is the maximum amount of loans the banking system could make?
- A bank offers a corporate client a choice between borrowing cash at 9% per annum and borrowing Bitcoin at -5% per annum. The risk-free interest rate is 3% per annum, and storage costs are 7% per annum. The interest rates on the two loans are expressed with annual compounding. The risk-free interest rate and storage costs are expressed with continuous compounding. Suppose that the price of Bitcoin is $58,000 and the corporate client wants to borrow $1,160,000. Discuss whether the rate of interest on the Bitcoin loan is too high or too low in relation to the rate of interest on the cash loan. What is the correct rate of interest for Bitcoin loan?DEF Corporation will be needing P1,000,000 additional cash inflow. It is looking to finance this through either Bank One or Bank Zero for a period of 6 months. Bank One offers a 10% loan but requires a P20,000 bank charge. On the other hand, Bank Zero is willing to offer an 8% loan but requires P100,000 compensating balance. Which bank should DEF approach? In the space below, provide the preferred bank's simple annual cost of loan. (format: 6.67 for 6.6666%)Company Coinbase is looking to expand its business and considering to borrow from the market. Coinbase has been offered the rates per annum on a $500 million 5-year loan by its bank: (SOFR: Secured Overnight Financing Rate) shown below. With the quotes from its bank, the floating rate is cheaper given the SOFR is 3% at present. However, the board of Coinbase fears that the interest rate will continue rising and think it is too risky to have variable liability in a medium time horizon. They wish to borrow with a fixed liability. Company Biance on the other hand, is to seek opportunities by having floating exposure. The offered rates per annum on a $500 million 5-year loan for Biance are also shown below. Design a swap contract that can facilitate the objectives of Coinbase and Biance. The swap contract should be equally beneficial to both companies. Company Biance Company Coinbase Fixed Rate 5.00% 7.00% Floating Rate SOFR+1.50% SOFR+2.00%
- ) Prince Edward Bank considers increasing a type of loans in the credit portfolio by $3,500,000,which will generate a gross income of 2.5%p.a. The bank assumes PD is 10% and estimates LGDis 20% and EAD as 80%. The net income, which is gross income minus Expected Loss (i.e. EL),will be used in the RAROC analysis. When doing so, the Bank refers to the net income andunexpected loss (i.e. UL) as the capital-as-risk estimation.Required:If the ROE of Prince Edward Bank is targeted at 25%, analyze whether the loans could be addedto the portfolio by RARoC analysisCullumber needs to borrow $4 million for an upgrade to its headquarters and manufacturing facility. Management has decided to borrow using a five-year term loan from its existing commercial bank. The prime rate is 4 percent, and Cullumber’s current rating is prime + 2.57 percent. The yield on a five-year U.S. Treasury note is 1.91 percent, and the three-month U.S. Treasury bill rate is 0.12 percent. What is the estimated loan rate for the five-year bank loan?Buccaneer, Inc., has determined that it needs $10,000,000 in cash per week. If Buccaneer needs additional cash, it can sell marketable securities, incurring a fee of $100 for each transaction. If Buccaneer leaves funds in its marketable securities, it expects to earn approximately 0.2% per week on their investment. Using the economic order quant ity model, how much cash should Buccaneer raise from selling securities each week to minimize its costs of cash?