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- Covalent bonds: H―HC―HO―HO═O C≡O Bond energy (kJ/mol):4364154654981080Calculate the enthalpy change (H, in kJ/mol) for the following reaction and indicate whether the reaction is exothermic or endothermic.(*BE for C═Oin CO2)(a) CH4(g)+ H2O(g)CO(g)+ 3H2(g);The carbonate anion, CO32- , is a resonance hybrid. Draw all of the important resonance structures for this molecule. If an atom has a nonzero formal charge, be sure the formal charge is shown clearly in the structure. Use the resonance structures to calculate the average formal charge on each O atom (which are all equivalent in the "true" structure). [Note: all of the important contributing resonance structures have octets around each atom that desires an octet.]#6. Consider the Lewis structure below where X is an element from the third period (Na-Ar). (a) Identify the central atom, X, when n = - -1. (b) Determine the formal charge on X. (c) Draw a Lewis structure so that the formal charge on X is equal to +1. :Ö: [+] n-
- 4. The following are valid Lewis structures for CH3SOCH3. Label the formal charges and circle the best Lewis structure. H :ö: H H :0 H a) H-C=S-C-H b) Н—С—S— С-н H. H. H. H. Н :0: Н H :ö: H d) H-C=$-C-H c) Н—С—$—С-н H. H. H HAn element that normally has six (6) electrons in its valence shell is assigned five (5) electrons in a Lewis structure. What is its formal charge? 0 +1 00 0-1 0-2Draw the Lewis structure of NCO (with minimized formal charges) and then choose the appropriate formal charges for each of the atoms. A) N = 0, C = 0, O = -1 B) N = -1, C = +1, O -1 + C) N = 0, C = 0, O = 0 D) N = +1, C = -1, O = -1 E) N = -1, C = 0, O = 0
- For each of the following covalent bonds: (a) use the symbols δ+ and δ- to indicate the direction of polarity (if any).(a) C-F; (b) N-Br; (c) B-C; (d) Si-H(b) Rank the following covalent bonds in order of increasing polarity. (i) C-H, O-H, N-H; (ii) C-N, C-O, B-O; (iii) C-P, C-S, C-NWhat are the formal charges on the sulfur (S), carbon (C), and nitrogen (N) atoms, respectively, in the resonance structure that contributes most to the stability of the thiocyanate ion, SCN ? The possible resonance structures for the thiocyanate ion, SCN , are $=c=N]' 5-c=Ñ]" [:s=c-N:] ' Structure A Structure B Structure C Express your answers as integers separated by commas. • View Available Hint(s) formal charge on sulfur (S), carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) atoms = SubmitCalculating Formal Charge: Formal charge is calculated for each atom in a structure. It provides information about the stability and reactivity of the atom in the molecule. Formal Charge = Valence Electrons - 1/2 Bonding Electrons - Non-bonding Electrons For example, the formal charge on the carbon of methane is calculated here. Carbon has 4 valence electrons. There are 8 bonding electrons around it. Formal Charge4- 12 (8) -0 Calculate the formal charge on the circled atoms in the following structures. formal charge: Incorect formal charge: formal charge: 1 Incomect
- In the Lewis structure of H3O+, what is the formal charge on O atom?What is the formal charge on each atom in HNO3 and the Lewis structure for it?Consider one resonance structure for the azide ion, N3-1 : What is the formal charge on each nitrogen atom in this resonance structure? Enter your answer as a number preceded by the appropriate charge (+ or -), if applicable. If the formal charge is zero, enter 0 . formal charge of left N [a] formal charge of middle N [b] formal charge of right N [c]