Answered: The nucleus is positive and electrons…

The nucleus is positive and electrons are negative. Why is there space between them, can't they just get stuck together?

Modern Physics

3rd Edition

ISBN:9781111794378

Author:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer

Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Clement J. Moses, Curt A. Moyer

Chapter9: Atomic Structure

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7Q

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Concept explainers

Rutherford's scattering experiment

Rutherford’s scattering experiment is also known as the gold foil experiment. This experiment disproved the plum pudding model of J.J. Thomson. In a gold foil experiment, high-energy alpha particles are made to strike a thin gold foil. The scattered alpha particles are detected using a detector. This experiment showed that the positive charge of the atom is at the center. Most of the atom’s mass is also confined to a small volume at the center. This region is known as the nucleus of the atom.

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(a) Show that if you assume the average nucleus is spherical with a radius r=r0A1/3, and with a mass at A u, then its density is independent at A. (b) Calculate that density in u/fm3 and kg/m3, and compare your results with those found in Example 31.1 for 56Fe.
What electrostatic force acts between two protons in a nucleus if they are 4×10-15 m apart? Select one: O a. 8.8x109 (attractive) O b. 8.8×10 (repulsive) O c. 14N (repulsive) O d. 14N (attractive)
10. The radius of a gold nucleus (Z= 79) is about 7-0 x 10 m. Assume that the positive charge is distributed uniformly throughout the nuclear volume. bo Find the strength of the electric field at (a) the surface of the nucleus and (b) at the middle point of a radius. Remembering that gold is a conductor, is it justified to assume that the positive charge is uniformly distributed over the entire volume of the nucleus and does not come to the outer surface ? nut chorge - 15 = 29X bNID
10) Now you have a nucleus with 13 protons at x = 6.2 Angstroms on the x-axis. How much work would it take to bring in ANOTHER nucleus with 7 protons from 1 m away and place it at y = 8.0 Angstroms on the y-axis? 70.0 eV 116.7 eV -12.6 eV 129.3 eV
When a bound electron moves to location further from the nucleus, which of the following are true? energy of electron increases because it takes energy input to separate positive and negative charges, and there is a decrease in the electrostatic potential energy of the electron energy of electron increases because it takes energy input to separate positive and negative charges, and there is an increase in the electrostatic potential energy of the electron energy of electron decreases because energy is released as positive and negative charges are separated, and there is a decrease in electrostatic potential energy of electron since it is now further away
A certain atom has 76 protons. Assume that the nucleus is a sphere with radius 6.63 fm and with the charge of the protons uniformly spread through the sphere. At the nucleus surface what are (a) the magnitude and (b) direction (radially inward or outward) of the electric field produced by the protons? Units (a) Number (b)
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