The negative effects of ambient air pollution on chil- dren's lung function has been well established, but less research is available about the impact of indoor air pol- lution. The authors of "Indoor Air Pollution and Lung Function Growth Among Children in Four Chinese Cities" (Indoor Air, 2012: 3-11) investigated the rela- tionship between indoor air-pollution metrics and lung function growth among children ages 6–13 years living in four Chinese cities. For each subject in the study, the

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14. The negative effects of ambient air pollution on chil-
dren's lung function has been well established, but less
research is available about the impact of indoor air pol-
lution. The authors of "Indoor Air Pollution and Lung
Function Growth Among Children in Four Chinese
Cities" (Indoor Air, 2012: 3-11) investigated the rela-
tionship between indoor air-pollution metrics and lung
function growth among children ages 6-13 years living
in four Chinese cities. For each subject in the study, the
authors measured an important lung-capacity index
known as FEV,, the forced volume (in ml) of air that is
exhaled in 1 second. Higher FEV, values are associated
with greater lung capacity. Among the children in the
study, 514 came from households that used coal for
cooking or heating or both. Their FEV, mean was 1427
with a standard deviation of 325. (A complex statistical
procedure was used to show that burning coal had a clear
negative effect on mean FEV, levels.)
a. Calculate and interpret a 95% (two-sided) confi-
dence interval for true average FEV, level in the
population of all children from which the sample was
selected. Does it appear that the parameter of interest
has been accurately estimated?
b. Suppose the investigators had made a rough guess of
320 for the value of s before collecting data. What
sample size would be necessary to obtain an interval
width of 50 ml for a confidence level of 95%?
Transcribed Image Text:14. The negative effects of ambient air pollution on chil- dren's lung function has been well established, but less research is available about the impact of indoor air pol- lution. The authors of "Indoor Air Pollution and Lung Function Growth Among Children in Four Chinese Cities" (Indoor Air, 2012: 3-11) investigated the rela- tionship between indoor air-pollution metrics and lung function growth among children ages 6-13 years living in four Chinese cities. For each subject in the study, the authors measured an important lung-capacity index known as FEV,, the forced volume (in ml) of air that is exhaled in 1 second. Higher FEV, values are associated with greater lung capacity. Among the children in the study, 514 came from households that used coal for cooking or heating or both. Their FEV, mean was 1427 with a standard deviation of 325. (A complex statistical procedure was used to show that burning coal had a clear negative effect on mean FEV, levels.) a. Calculate and interpret a 95% (two-sided) confi- dence interval for true average FEV, level in the population of all children from which the sample was selected. Does it appear that the parameter of interest has been accurately estimated? b. Suppose the investigators had made a rough guess of 320 for the value of s before collecting data. What sample size would be necessary to obtain an interval width of 50 ml for a confidence level of 95%?
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