The National Cancer Institute published a study that investigated the association between cigar smoking and death from tobacco-related cancers in men. The results are summarized in the following table:   Died from Cancer Did not Die from Cancer Totals Never smoked cigar 782 120,747 121,529 Former cigar smoker 91 7,757 7,848 Current cigar smoker 141 7,725 7,866 Totals 1,014 136,229 137,243     What is the probability that a randomly selected man never smoked cigars and died from cancer?   What is the probability that a randomly selected man was a former cigar smoker and died from cancer?

Researchers at a local public health office are interested in the difference in prevalence of sickle cell anemia by ethnicity in a population under its jurisdiction. Suppose the following table represents prevalence of sickle cell anemia reported based on a thorough survey.   Ethnicity Prevalence of Sickle Cell African-American =242/1049 Other =165/1864   Conduct a formal test to determine if there is a significant difference in the prevalence of sickle cell anemia between the two groups. Write out your null and alternative hypotheses and interpret your results. Use an alpha level of 0.05.

An advertising agency in a large city is conducting a survey of adults to investigate whether there is an association between highest level of educational achievement and primary source for news. The company takes a random sample of 2,500 adults in the city. The results are shown in the table below. HIGHEST LEVEL OF EDUCATIONAL ACHIEVEMENT Not High School Graduate 49 High School Graduate But Not College Graduate Primary Source for News College Graduate Total Newspapers Local television Cable television Internet None Total 442 205 170 496 188 75 90 335 113 147 245 756 687 41 401 77 165 38 280 370 1437 693 2,500 Enter each probability in decimal form, rounded to three decimal places. If an adult is to be selected at random from this sample, what is the probability that the selected adult is a college graduate? If an adult is to be selected at random from this sample, what is the probability that the selected adult obtains news primarily from the internet? If an adult is to be selected at…

The scientific productivity of major world cities was the subject of a recent study. The study determined the number of scientific papers published between 1994 and 1997 by researchers from each of the 20 world cities, and is shown below.   City Number of papers City Number of papers City 1 9 City 11 6 City 2 20 City 12 4 City 3 29 City 13 13 City 4 30 City 14 29 City 5 28 City 15 7 City 6 30 City 16 16 City 7 27 City 17 27 City 8 9 City 18 15 City 9 26 City 19 29 City 10 20 City 20 27 Construct a 9090 % confidence interval for the average number of papers published in major world cities.  <μ The scientific productivity of major world cities was the subject of a recent study. The study determined the number of scientific papers published between 1994 and 1997 by researchers from each of the 20 world cities, and is shown below.   City Number of papers City Number of papers City 1 99 City 11 66 City 2 2020 City 12 44 City 3 2929 City 13 1313 City 4…

The scientific productivity of major world cities was the subject of a recent study. The study determined the number of scientific papers published between 1994 and 1997 by researchers from each of the 20 world cities, and is shown below.   City Number of papers City Number of papers City 1 15 City 11 30 City 2 22 City 12 55 City 3 20 City 13 25 City 4 20 City 14 55 City 5 23 City 15 10 City 6 21 City 16 15 City 7 99 City 17 77 City 8 24 City 18 22 City 9 24 City 19 22 City 10 33 City 20 29 Construct a 9090 % confidence interval for the average number of papers published in major world cities. _______<μ<________

6.34 Barking deer. Microhabitat factors associated with forage and bed sites of barking deer in Hainan Island, China were examined. In this region woods make up 4.8% of the land, cultivated grass plot makes up 14.7%, and deciduous forests make up 39.6%. Of the 426 sites where the deer forage, 4 were categorized as woods, 16 as cultivated grassplot, and 61 as deciduous forests. The table below summarizes these data.39 Woods Cultivated grassplot Deciduous forests Other Total 4 16 61 345 426 (a) Write the hypotheses for testing if barking deer prefer to forage in cer- tain habitats over others. (b) What type of test can we use to answer this research question? (c) Check if the assumptions and conditions required for this test are sat- isfied. (d) Do these data provide convincing evidence that barking deer prefer to forage in certain habitats over others? Conduct an appropriate hypoth- esis test to answer this research question. Photo by Shrikant Rao (http://flic.kr/p/4Xjdkk) CC BY 2.0…

The scientific productivity of major world cities was the subject of a recent study. The study determined the number of scientific papers published between 1994 and 1997 by researchers from each of the 20 world cities, and is shown below.   City Number of papers City Number of papers City 1 1616 City 11 33 City 2 2626 City 12 99 City 3 1212 City 13 2121 City 4 55 City 14 44 City 5 22 City 15 55 City 6 2626 City 16 44 City 7 66 City 17 2020 City 8 2525 City 18 1717 City 9 1616 City 19 2222 City 10 66 City 20 2525 Construct a 95 % confidence interval for the average number of papers published in major world cities. blank <μ<blank

Horseshoe crabs on a beach can be overturned by approaching waves. These “stranded” crabs may right themselves by turning over. During a period of many days on an Atlantic Ocean beach, investigators categorized a random sample of crabs as either stranded or not stranded and additionally noted their age category. The researchers wanted to investigate whether there is convincing evidence of an association between becoming stranded and age. Data from their study are shown in the following table. Horseshoe Crab Stranded Status   Young Intermediate Adult Total Yes 41 125 52 218 No 153 364 70 587 Total 194 489 122 805 If becoming stranded and age are independent in these creatures, which of the following is closest to the expected number of young stranded horseshoe crabs?     41 41 A 52.54 52.54 B 141.46 141.46 C 194 194 D 218

Horseshoe crabs on a beach can be overturned by approaching waves. These "stranded" crabs may right themselves by turning over. During a period of many days on an Atlantic Ocean beach, investigators categorized a random sample of crabs as either stranded or not stranded and additionally noted their age category. The researchers wanted to investigate whether there is convincing evidence of an association between becoming stranded and age. Data from their study are shown in the following table. Horseshoe Crab Stranded Status Young Intermediate Adult Total Yes 41 125 52 218 No 153 364 70 587 Total 194 489 122 805 If becoming stranded and age are independent in these creatures, which of the following is closest to the expected number of young stranded horseshoe crabs? A 41 В 52.54 141.46 194 218

The scientific productivity of major world cities was the subject of a recent study. The study determined the number of scientific papers published between 1994 and 1997 by researchers from each of the 20 world cities, and is shown below.   City Number of papers City Number of papers City 1 16 City 11 3 City 2 26 City 12 9 City 3 12 City 13 21 City 4 5 City 14 4 City 5 2 City 15 5 City 6 26 City 16 4 City 7 6 City 17 20 City 8 25 City 18 17 City 9 16 City 19 22 City 10 6 City 20 25 Make a 95 % confidence interval for the average number of papers published in major world cities