The name carbohydrate comes from the fact that many simple sugars have chemical formulae that look like water has simply been added to carbon. (The suffix hydrate from the Greek word hydor ("water") means "compound formed by the addition of water.") The actual chemical structure of carbohydrates doesn't look anything like water molecules bonded to carbon atoms (see sketch at right). But it is nevertheless possible to chemically extract all the hydrogen and oxygen from many simple carbohydrates as water, leaving only carbon behind. If you search the Internet for "reaction of sulfuric acid and sugar" you will find some impressive videos of this. Suppose you had (200. g) of ordinary table sugar, which chemists call sucrose, and which has the chemical formula C₁2H22011. Calculate the maximum mass of water you could theoretically extract. Be sure your answer has alunit symbol, and round it to 3 significant digits. 0 X HO CH₂OH O OH OH OH The actual chemical structure of glucose.
Thermochemistry
Thermochemistry can be considered as a branch of thermodynamics that deals with the connections between warmth, work, and various types of energy, formed because of different synthetic and actual cycles. Thermochemistry describes the energy changes that occur as a result of reactions or chemical changes in a substance.
Exergonic Reaction
The term exergonic is derived from the Greek word in which ‘ergon’ means work and exergonic means ‘work outside’. Exergonic reactions releases work energy. Exergonic reactions are different from exothermic reactions, the one that releases only heat energy during the course of the reaction. So, exothermic reaction is one type of exergonic reaction. Exergonic reaction releases work energy in different forms like heat, light or sound. For example, a glow stick releases light making that an exergonic reaction and not an exothermic reaction since no heat is released. Even endothermic reactions at very high temperature are exergonic.
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