The molecular ion S3N, has the cyclic structure'NAll S-N bonds are equivalent.(a) Give six equivalent resonance hybrid Lewis diagramsfor this molecular ion.(b) Compute the formal charges on all atoms in themolecular ion in each of the six Lewis diagrams.(c) Determine the charge on each atom in the polyatomicion, assuming that the true distribution of electrons isthe average of the six Lewis diagrams arrived at inparts (a) and (b).(d) An advanced calculation suggests that the actualcharge resident on each N atom is –0.375 and oneach S atom is +0.041. Show that this result is consis-tent with the overall +1 charge on the molecular ion.Z-S

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Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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The Lewis structure for the chlorate ion is :0: Calculate the formal charge on the chlorine (Cl ) atom. Express your answer as an integer. • View Available Hint(s) formal charge on Cl = Submit Part B Calculate the formal charge on each of the oxygen (O) atoms labeled a, b, and c in the following Lewis structure. :0: Express your answers as integers separated by commas. • View Available Hint(s) formal charge on Oa , Ob , Oc = Submit ormal charges to predict the most stable structure he interactive activity shows how to calculate the formal charge of atoms in a structure. These formal charges can be used to predict the resonance structure that contributes most to the stability of a molecule or ion. The struc enerally the most stable. Part C What are the formal charges on the sulfur (S), carbon (C ), and nitrogen (N ) atoms, respectively, in the resonance structure that contributes most to the stability of the thiocyanate ion, SCN¯ ? The possible resonance structures for the thiocyanate…
(b) The Murchison meteorite that landed in Australia in 1969 contained 92 different amino acids, including 21 found in Earth organism A skeleton structure (single bond only) of one of these extraterrestrial amino acids is shown below. Draw a Lewis structure, and identify any atoms having a nonzero formal charge. H3N. C ČH2 ČH3 (c) Draw the orbital diagrams and Lewis symbols to depict the formation of Na* and CI ions from the atoms. Give the formula of the compound formed. (d) The predicted bond length for HF is 109 pm (the sum of the covalent radii of H, 37 pm and F, 72 pm), however the actual bond length for HF is shorter (92 pm). It was observed that the difference between predicted and actual bond lengths becomes smaller going down the halogen group from HF to HI Describe these observations
The two compounds nitrogen dioxide and dinitrogen tetraoxide are introduced in Section 3.13. (a) NO2 is an odd-electron compound. Draw the best Lewis diagrams possible for it, recognizing that one atom cannot achieve an octet configuration. Use formal charges to decide whether that should be the (central) nitrogen atom or one of the oxygen atoms. (b) Draw resonance forms for N2O4 that obey the octet rule. The two N atoms are bonded in this molecule.
Consider the molecule QR3 , where Q has 7 valence electrons and R has 6 valence electrons. Both -1 elements are in the third period or below. (a) On your scratch paper, draw the BEST Lewis structure. Don't forget resonance, if applicable. (b) Show the formal charges for all elements.
(a) Determine the formal charges on each atom and use them to determine the overall charge, if any, on the species represented by the following Lewis structure: :Ö:
Three main group elements, X, Y and Z, from three different groups inthe Periodic Table, each form a neutral trifluoride, i.e. XF3, YF3 andZF3. (a) To which three groups of the Periodic Table could the elementsX, Y and Z belong? Are any of these atoms X, Y or Zhypervalent in the trifluorides formed? (b) Use VSEPR theory to deduce the shapes of the molecules XF3,YF3 and ZF3, showing full working, and sketch these shapes (c) Only two of the three trifluorides have a non-zero dipole moment.For these molecules to which groups of the Periodic Table do thecentral atoms belong?
Part A The Lewis structure for the chlorate ion is Calculate the formal charge on the chlorine (CI) atom. Express your answer as an integer. • View Available Hint(s) formal charge on Cl = Submit Part B Calculate the formal charge on each of the oxygen (O) atoms labeled a, b, and e in the following Lewis structure. :O: Express your answers as integers separated by commas. View Available Hint(s) formal charge on 0,, O, O, = Submit
C, N, and O are from groups 4, 5, and 6, and their atomic numbers are 6, 7, and 8. (1) Give a reasonable Lewis structure for CN2−, including formal charges (N.B. the C is the central atom). 2 (2) Give a reasonable Lewis structure for CO2−, including formal charges (N.B. the C is the central atom). 3 (3) Give a reasonable Lewis structure for O2−, including formal charges. 2 (4) Give a reasonable Lewis structure for O3, including formal charges (N.B. the molecule is not cyclic) (5) What is the oxydation state of C in OCN− (N.B. C is the central atom)?
Write resonance forms that describe the distribution of electrons in each of these molecules or ions. (a) sulfur dioxide, SO2 (b) carbonate ion, CO3²- (c) hydrogen carbonate ion, HCO3- (C is bonded to an OH group and two O atoms) (d) pyridine: H. H. (e) the allyl ion: H H H H-C-C-c-H

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