The magnets shown in the sketch are dropped from rest through the middle of conducting rings. Notice that the ring onthe right has a small break in it, whereas the ring on the left forms a closed loop. (a) As the magnets drop toward the rings,do you predict that the magnet on the left has an acceleration that is greater than, less than, or the same as that of themagnet on the right? (b) Which of the following is the best explanation for your prediction?I. Both magnets fall with the acceleration due to gravity. The rings have no effect.II. The magnet on the left has a greater downward acceleration because the ring exerts an attractive force on it.III. The magnet on the right has the greater downward acceleration because the gap prevents a current that would exert arepulsive force on the magnet.

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Ferromagnetism

Ferromagnetism is a mechanism by which some materials show magnetic properties. Iron and magnetite, an oxide of iron, are two naturally occurring materials that show the property of ferromagnetism. The word ferromagnetism is derived from the Latin name of iron, "Ferrum" as it was the first observed material to show such property. The property of ferromagnetism is shown by only a few substances such as iron, nickel, cobalt, and their alloys. Some transition metals and alloys of rare-earth metals also show ferromagnetism.