The lowest pressure attainable using the best available vacuum techniques is about 10−12N/m^2. At such a pressure, how many molecules are there per cm^3 at 1 ∘C?
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- What is the average (rms) velocity of nitrogen (diatomic) gas molecules at 20 degrees Celsius?An expensive vacuum system can achieve a pressure as low as 1.58 ✕ 10−7 N/m2 at 22°C. How many atoms are there in a cubic centimeter at this pressure and temperature?(a) How many molecules are present in a sample of an ideal gas that occupies a volume of 1.90 cm3, is at a temperature of 20°C, and is at atmospheric pressure? molecules (b) How many molecules of the gas are present if the volume and temperature are the same as in part (a), but the pressure is now 1.80 ✕ 10−11 Pa (an extremely good vacuum)? molecules
- An argon-40 atom has a mass of 6.64 ✕ 10−26 kg. (a) What temperature (in K) would a gas composed entirely of argon-40 atoms have to be at in order for the rms speed of the atoms to equal the escape speed from Earth, 1.12 ✕ 104 m/s? K (b) What temperature (in K) would a gas composed entirely of argon-40 atoms have to be at in order for the rms speed of the atoms to equal the escape speed from the Moon, 2.37 ✕ 103 m/s? KA research group recently made an interesting discovery, while studying laser interactions with molecular gases. They found that nitrous oxide molecules (mass 44.013 g per mole) can reach temperatures exceeding 1,648 degrees Celsius after a interacting with a few closely-spaced (in time) laser pulses. At this temperature, what is the rms speed (in m/s) of a nitrous oxide molecule?An expensive vacuum system can achieve a pressure as low as 1.08 ✕ 10−7 N/m2 at 22°C. How many atoms are there in a cubic centimeter at this pressure and temperature?