The ledgerof VW Co. in 20x1 includes the following: Cash 200,000 Accounts receivable 400,000 Inventory 1,000,000 Accounts payable 300,000 Note payable 100,000 Upon checking VW's books, the following were noted: • Cash sales in 20x2 amounting to #20,000 were inadvertently includedas sales in 20x1. VVV recognized gross profit of P6,000 on the sales. A collection of a B40,000 accounts receivable in 20x2 was recorded as collection in 20x1. A cash discountof B2,000 was given to the customer. • During January 20x2, a short-term bank loan of B50,000 obtained in 20x1 was paid together with B5,000 interest accruing in January 20x2. The payment transsction in 20x2 was inadvertently included as 20x1 transaction
Reporting Cash Flows
Reporting of cash flows means a statement of cash flow which is a financial statement. A cash flow statement is prepared by gathering all the data regarding inflows and outflows of a company. The cash flow statement includes cash inflows and outflows from various activities such as operating, financing, and investment. Reporting this statement is important because it is the main financial statement of the company.
Balance Sheet
A balance sheet is an integral part of the set of financial statements of an organization that reports the assets, liabilities, equity (shareholding) capital, other short and long-term debts, along with other related items. A balance sheet is one of the most critical measures of the financial performance and position of the company, and as the name suggests, the statement must balance the assets against the liabilities and equity. The assets are what the company owns, and the liabilities represent what the company owes. Equity represents the amount invested in the business, either by the promoters of the company or by external shareholders. The total assets must match total liabilities plus equity.
Financial Statements
Financial statements are written records of an organization which provide a true and real picture of business activities. It shows the financial position and the operating performance of the company. It is prepared at the end of every financial cycle. It includes three main components that are balance sheet, income statement and cash flow statement.
Owner's Capital
Before we begin to understand what Owner’s capital is and what Equity financing is to an organization, it is important to understand some basic accounting terminologies. A double-entry bookkeeping system Normal account balances are those which are expected to have either a debit balance or a credit balance, depending on the nature of the account. An asset account will have a debit balance as normal balance because an asset is a debit account. Similarly, a liability account will have the normal balance as a credit balance because it is amount owed, representing a credit account. Equity is also said to have a credit balance as its normal balance. However, sometimes the normal balances may be reversed, often due to incorrect journal or posting entries or other accounting/ clerical errors.
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