the Law of Mass Conservation. Jan Baptista van Helmont (1579–1644) recorded the mass of a young willow tree and the soil in which the tree was planted. Five years later he found that the mass of soil had decreased by only 0.057 kg, while that of the tree had increased by 75 kg. During that period, he had added only water to the bucket in which the tree was planted. Helmont concluded that essentially all the mass gained by the tree had come from the water. Was this a valid conclusion? Explain.
States of Matter
The substance that constitutes everything in the universe is known as matter. Matter comprises atoms which in turn are composed of electrons, protons, and neutrons. Different atoms combine together to give rise to molecules that act as a foundation for all kinds of substances. There are five states of matter based on their energies of attraction, namely solid, liquid, gases, plasma, and BEC (Bose-Einstein condensates).
Chemical Reactions and Equations
When a chemical species is transformed into another chemical species it is said to have undergone a chemical reaction. It consists of breaking existing bonds and forming new bonds by changing the position of electrons. These reactions are best explained using a chemical equation.
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- Jan Baptista van Helmont (1579–1644) recorded the mass of a young willow tree and the soil in which the tree was planted. Five years later he found that the mass of soil had decreased by only 0.057 kg, while that of the tree had increased by 75 kg. During that period, he had added only water to the bucket in which the tree was planted. Helmont concluded that essentially all the mass gained by the tree had come from the water. Was this a valid conclusion? Explain.
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