The knee-jerk reflex is often called a stretch reflex because a sharp tap on the patellar ligament stretches the quadriceps femoris, the extensor muscle of the leg. Describe the components and se-quence of events that lead to a “knee jerk.” Why is this reflex sim-pler than most reflex arcs? What is the difference between a reflex arc and a reflex act?

Q: In your own words, describe the main events occurring between the arrivalof an action potential at a…

A: The chemical synapse that favors the transmission of the signal from the motor neurons to the muscle…

Q: What are the neural pathways involved in the knee-jerk reflex?

A: REFLEX:        An involuntary automatic reaction to a specific stimulus that doesn't require input…

Q: Stretch reflexes occur in many of the muscles of the body. Using table 10.16, determine which…

A: A stretch reflex is a muscle contraction in response to stretching within the muscles. The reflex…

Q: What special characteristics of the presynaptic neuron (motor neuron) and motor end-plate…

A: The neuromuscular junction (NMJ) is the site for chemical interaction between the motor neuron and…

Q: Describe the components of the knee-jerk reflex?

A: A reflex action is an automatic response to stimuli and does not involve consciousness. It occurs…

Q: Strychnine blocks receptor sites for inhibitory neurotransmitter substances in the CNS. Explain how…

A: Tetanus can be described as an infection that affects the nervous system and causes painful muscle…

Q: Check this reflex by gently dorsiflexing a classmate’s foot then using a reflex hammer to strike the…

A: Achilles tendon is the largest tendon of the body. It expanses from the bone of the heel to the calf…

Q: subtractive technique that uses nerve stimulation at two points and subtracting the difference…

A: Nerve impulse  conduction is a complex phenomena and it starts at the point of stimulation which is…

Q: What changes would occur in the knee-jerk reflex after the destruction of thegamma motor neurons?

A: Gama motor neuron is the most important neuron emerges from the anterior grey matter of the spinal…

Q: To demonstrate muscle fatigue, a student held an 8 lb dumbbell in her hand and abducted her arm…

A: Ans - the correct answer for the above question is- A) Different motor units were contracting while…

Q: Picking up a book, for example, has both voluntary and involuntarycomponents. List the components of…

A: The nervous system of humans is generally classified into the central and peripheral nervous…

Q: Explain how it makes sense physiologically that the last fibers to be recruited to contract are the…

A: Fatigue is a term used to describe an overall feeling of tiredness or lack of energy. It isn’t the…

Q: Explain why some domesticated birds, like turkeys andchickens, have mostly fast-twitch fibers in…

A: A muscle fiber is a bundle of cylindrical shaped structure found in the muscle. Their primary…

Q: If we didn’t collect the data for the Normal knee-jerk response, would we be able to evaluate the…

A: Jendrassik maneuver : It is a maneuver which is used to see the reflex action of patellar area when…

Q: Identify the important physiological structures involved in action potential; then, explain in…

A: The neuron is the most excitable cell and therefore has the simplest action potential procedure.…

Q: The motor end plate is extensively folded to allow for greater number of what structure? Terminal…

A: Motor end plates are called Neuromuscular junctions, are specialized chemical synapses formed at the…

Q: Which of the following muscle nerve pairings in incorrect? Gluteus minimus - Superior gluteal nerve…

A: Every muscle is innervated by different types of nerves so that they may give instructions for the…

Q: One treatment for myasthenia gravis is a medication that blocks the activity of…

A: Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular issue that causes shortcoming in the skeletal muscles, which…

Q: Modified muscle fibers serving primarily to detect stretch are called

A: We know that The proprioceptive sensation belongs to the class of general senses. The proprioceptors…

Q: Discharge from muscle spindles could be increased by all the following, except :-a- increased…

A: Muscle tissue is soft tissues that provide ability to contract. Cardiac muscle, skeletal muscle, and…

Q: The conduction velocities for the Achille's tendon reflex and the Patellar tendon reflex should be…

A: Reflex arc is the process of reflex formation. It consists of a parallel (or sensory) sensor, one or…

Q: Muscle contraction is not the only process controlled in temperature-regulating reflexes. True or…

A: Muscle contraction is considered as the process, in which tension develops in the site present in…

Q: Explain why the ratio of motor neurons to skeletal muscle fibers is greater in muscles that control…

A: A motor neuron is a neuron whose cell body is situated in the motor cortex, brainstem or the spinal…

Q: In the rare neuromuscular disorder Myasthenia Gravis, autoantibodies are produced which inhibit…

A: Introduction:-  Myasthenia Gravis is a disease of neuromuscular junction in which the acetylcholine…

Q: Describe in details the biochemical and mechanochemical series of events that enables motor neurons…

A: Muscle contraction means activation of tension-generating sites within our muscle cells and the…

Q: If acetylcholinesterase fails to function properly at the neuromuscular junction, which of the…

A: The neurons are specialised cells of the human nervous system. The neurons of the nervous system…

Q: Explain why the ratio of motor neurons to muscle fibers isgreater in muscles that control eye…

A: The muscle system is responsible for several functions such as maintaining body posture, locomotion,…

Q: You cut the axon of a single motor neuron innervating the biceps muscle. Which of the following is…

A: Motor neurons, often referred to as efferent neurons are the type of neurons responsible for…

Q: a) Describe the processes involved in the knee-jerk reflex and explain why it is called a…

A: A reflex, also known as a reflex action, is an immediate, involuntary reaction to a stimuli in…

Q: Anatomically, the motor endplate potential is characterized by synaptic boutons active zones O…

A: Motor endplate-The specialized postsynaptic area of a muscle cell(myocyte). The motor endplate lies…

Q: Explain how skeletal muscle movement is controlled in the knee-jerk reflex (only on local level).

A: Knee jerk reflex is also called as the patellar reflex. It causes the sudden kicking movement of the…

Q: Ventricular Nucleus descend onto spinal motoneurons to control them. ney form a tract within the…

A: A motor neuron (or motoneuron or efferent neuron) is a neuron whose cell body is situated in the…

Q: Fill in the blank:  The sensory stretch receptors of the knee-jerk reflex are located in the…

A: A reflex action is the involuntary response of the body against an external stimulus. It is…

Q: The ocular muscle has a very fast response time compared to the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles.…

A: The gastrocnemius muscles are the calf muscles that can be easily visualized as the bulging part of…

Q: Why is back pain so common in humans?

A: Back pain is accompanied with the pain is any region of back which may extend way down to buttocks…

Q: Lawrence Cherono from Kenya won the 2011 Boston Marathon. He probably has a in the muscle of his…

A: The skeletal muscle fibers are made up of two types of fibers namely the slow-twitch Type 1 fibers…

Q: What is the cause of the fused/complete tetanus (4) in the figure below? * Average tension…

A: ANSWER;- At higher stimulus frequencies, there is no relaxation at all between stimuli. Explain;-…

Q: The disease poliomyelitis (po′le-o-mi′˘e-li′tis) destroys motor neurons, causingloss of muscle…

A: Poliomyelitis is caused by a virus that may cause paralysis in the person. Poliomyelitis can be…

Q: Fill in the blank:   The moment following the passage of an action potential during which a…

A: The term action potential refers to rapid, short term change in the “membrane potential” across the…

Q: The central ends of afferents from muscle spindles synapse with all the following types of neurons,…

A: The “muscle spindle” is the important stretch receptor present in the muscle which involved in…