The image on the left shows modern mud cracks. The image on the right shows mud cracks preserved in ancient sedimentary rock. The processes that formed cracks in a dried-up puddle are assumed to be the same that formed the mud cracks in the ancient sedimentary rock. The idea that physical processes we observe today also operated in the past, at roughly comparable rates, is called the Principle of Uniformitarianism Principle of Original Horizontality Principle of Cross-Cutting Relations Principle of Laterial Continuity Principle of Faunal Succession

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