The Hydrogen Atom The electron and proton of a hydrogen atom are separated (on the average) by a distance of approximately 5.3 x 10-11 m. Find the magnitudes of the electric force and the gravitational force between the two particles. SOLUTION Conceptualize Think about the two particles separated by the very small distance given in the problem statement. In the chapter entitled Universal Gravitation, we found the gravitational force between small objects to be weak, so we expect the gravitational force between the electron and proton to be significantly --Select--- than the electric force. Categorize The electric and gravitational forces will be evaluated from universal force laws, so we categorize this example as -Select- problem. Use Coulomb's law to find the magnitude of the electric force (in N): Fe-ke jell-el 2 Use Newton's law of universal gravitation and the table of particle masses to find the magnitude of the gravitational force (in N): m_m F₂ = Gem N Finalize The ratio 2 x 10 Therefore, the gravitational force between charged atomic particles is negligible when compared with the electric force. Notice the similar forms of Newton's law of universal gravitation and Coulomb's law of electric forces. Other than magnitude, what is a fundamental difference between the two forces? EXERCISE Hint N Two identical objects each hold a net charge of q = 7e. If the gravitational force between the two objects exactly cancels the electrostatic force between the objects, what is the mass of each object (in kg)? kg
The Hydrogen Atom The electron and proton of a hydrogen atom are separated (on the average) by a distance of approximately 5.3 x 10-11 m. Find the magnitudes of the electric force and the gravitational force between the two particles. SOLUTION Conceptualize Think about the two particles separated by the very small distance given in the problem statement. In the chapter entitled Universal Gravitation, we found the gravitational force between small objects to be weak, so we expect the gravitational force between the electron and proton to be significantly --Select--- than the electric force. Categorize The electric and gravitational forces will be evaluated from universal force laws, so we categorize this example as -Select- problem. Use Coulomb's law to find the magnitude of the electric force (in N): Fe-ke jell-el 2 Use Newton's law of universal gravitation and the table of particle masses to find the magnitude of the gravitational force (in N): m_m F₂ = Gem N Finalize The ratio 2 x 10 Therefore, the gravitational force between charged atomic particles is negligible when compared with the electric force. Notice the similar forms of Newton's law of universal gravitation and Coulomb's law of electric forces. Other than magnitude, what is a fundamental difference between the two forces? EXERCISE Hint N Two identical objects each hold a net charge of q = 7e. If the gravitational force between the two objects exactly cancels the electrostatic force between the objects, what is the mass of each object (in kg)? kg
College Physics
11th Edition
ISBN:9781305952300
Author:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Publisher:Raymond A. Serway, Chris Vuille
Chapter1: Units, Trigonometry. And Vectors
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1CQ: Estimate the order of magnitude of the length, in meters, of each of the following; (a) a mouse, (b)...
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