The half-life of a reaction, f/2, is the time it takesfor the reactant concentration (A to decrease byhalf. For example, after one half-life theconcentration falls from the initial concentration(Ale to (Ajo/2, after a second half-life to [A]o/4.after a third half-life to (Ale/8, and so on. onPart B.A certain second-order reaction (B-products) has a rate constant of 1.20x10 M¹life of 270 s What is the concentration of the reactant B after one half-site?Express your answer with the appropriate units.μÁValueSubmitUnitsRequest Answerat 27 C and an inital half-

Chemical kinetics is branch of chemistry in which we deal with speed at which rate of reaction…

The half-life of a reaction, f/2, is the time it takes for the reactant concentration [A] to decrease by half. For example, after one half-ile the concentration falls from the initial concentration (Ale to [Ajo/2, ahor a second half-life to [A]o/4. after a third half-life to (Alo/8, and so on. on Part B A certain second-order reaction (B-products) has a rate constant of 1.20x10 M¹ life of 270 s What is the concentration of the reactant B after one half-ite? Express your answer with the appropriate units. μÁ Value Submit Units Request Answer at 27 C and an initial half-

The half-life of a reaction, f/2, is the time it takes for the reactant concentration [A] to decrease by half. For example, after one half-ile the concentration falls from the initial concentration (Ale to [Ajo/2, ahor a second half-life to [A]o/4. after a third half-life to (Alo/8, and so on. on Part B A certain second-order reaction (B-products) has a rate constant of 1.20x10 M¹ life of 270 s What is the concentration of the reactant B after one half-ite? Express your answer with the appropriate units. μÁ Value Submit Units Request Answer at 27 C and an initial half-

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter11: Chemical Kinetics: Rates Of Reactions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 39QRT

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Regular ?ights of supersonic aircraft in the stratosphere ale of concern because such aircraft produce nitric oxide, NO, as a byproduct in the exhaust of their engines. Nitric oxide reacts with ozone, and it has been suggested that this could contribute to depletion of the ozone layer. The reaction NO+O3NO2+O2 is first order with respect to both NO and O3 with a rate constant of 2.20107 L/mol/s. What is the instantaneous rate of disappearance of NO when [NO]=3.3106 M and [O3]=5.9107M?
A drug decomposes in the blood by a first-order process. A pill containing 0.500 g of the active ingredient reaches its maximum concentration of 2.5 mg/ 100 mL of blood. If the half-life of the active ingredient is 75 min, what is its concentration in the blood 2.0 h after the maximum concentration has been reached?
The first-order rate constant for the decomposition of a certain hormone in water at 25C is 3.42104day1. (a) If a 0.0200 M solution of the hormone is stored at 25C for two months, what will its concentration be at the end of that period? (b) How long will it take for the concentration of the solution to drop from 0.0200 M to 0.00350 M? (c) What is the half-life of the hormone?
The hydrolysis of the sugar sucrose to the sugars glucose and fructose, C12H22O11+H2OC6H12O6+C6H12O6 follows a first-order rate equation for the disappearance of sucrose: Rate =k[C12H22O11] (The products of the reaction, glucose and fructose, have the same molecular formulas but differ in the arrangement of the atoms in their molecules.) (a) In neutral solution, k=2.11011s1 at 27 C and 8.51011s1 at 37 C. Determine the activation energy, the frequency factor, and the rate constant for this equation at 47 C (assuming the kinetics remain consistent with the Arrhenius equation at this temperature). (b) When a solution of sucrose with an initial concentration of 0.150 M reaches equilibrium, the concentration of sucrose is 1.65107M . How long will it take the solution to reach equilibrium at 27 C in the absence of a catalyst? Because the concentration of sucrose at equilibrium is so low, assume that the reaction is irreversible. (c) Why does assuming that the reaction is irreversible simplify the calculation in pan (b)?
When formic acid is heated, it decomposes to hydrogen and carbon dioxide in a first-order decay. HCOOH(g) CO2(g) + H2(g) At 550 C, the half-life of formic acid is 24.5 minutes. (a) What is the rate constant, and what are its units? (b) How many seconds are needed for formic acid, initially 0.15 M, to decrease to 0.015 M?
As with any drug, aspirin (acetylsalicylic acid) must remain in the bloodstream long enough to be effective. Assume that the removal of aspirin from the bloodstream into the urine is a lirst-order reaction, with a half-life of about 3 hours. The instructions on an aspirin bottle say to take 1 or 2 tablets every 4 hours. If a person takes 2 aspirin tablets, how much aspirin remains in the bloodstream when it is time for the second dose? (A standard tablet contains 325 mg of aspirin.)
For the reaction A + B C, explain at least two ways in which the rate law could be zero order in chemical A.
What is the difference between average rate, initial rate, and instantaneous rate?
The rate of the reaction O(g)+NO2(g)NO(g)+O2(g) was studied at a certain temperature. a. In one experiment, NO2 was in large excess, at a concentration of 1.0 1013 molecules/cm3 with the following data collected: Time(s) [O](atoms/cm3) 0 5.0 109 1.0 102 1.9 109 2.0 102 6.8 108 3.0 102 2.5 108 What is the order of the reaction with respect to oxygen atoms? b. The reaction is known to be first order with respect to NO2 Determine the overall rate law and the value of the rate constant.
The decomposition of nitrogen dioxide is a second-order reaction. At 550 K, a 0.250 M sample decomposes at the rate of 1.17 mol/L min. (a) Write the rate expression. (b) What is the rate constant at 550 K? (c) What is the rate of decomposition when [ NO2 ]=0.800M?
The plot below shows the number of collisions with a particular energy for two different temperatures. a. Which is greater, T2 or T1? How can you tell? b. What does this plot tell us about the temperature of the rate of a chemical reaction? Explain your answer.
Consider a reaction of the type aA products, in which the rate law is found to he rate = k[A]3 (termolecular reactions are improbable but possible). If the first half-tife of the reaction is found to he 40. s, what is the time for the second half-life? Hint: Using your calculus knowledge, derive the integrated rate law from the differential rate law for a tennolecular reaction: Rate=d[A]dt=k[A]3