The fuel-cost fnction in $/h of two thermal plants are C1 = 320 + 6.2P +0.004P? C2 = 200 + 6.0P2 +0.003P %3D %3D where P and P, are in MW. Plant outputs are subject to the following limits (in MW) 50 < PS 250 50 < P < 350 The per-unit system real power loss with generation expressed in per unit on a 100-MVA base is given by PLPu) = 0.0125p? +0.00625 P2 %3D 1(pu) 2(pu) P= B11.P,2+B22.P? MW Where B1 and B22 are:

Q: What is an astronomical unit? What will be its value in meters?

A: Astronomical unit: It is a measure of distance or the unit of length. It is represented by AU. It is…

Q: The bill of commercial load based on Iragi electricity tariff of 1600 kWh costs

A:

Q: Draw the diagram representing the cooling arrangement part of the modern steam power stations

A:

Q: What is the importance of electricity distribution in the country?

A: In any country, a well organized power distribution is very essential as different type of customers…

Q: h) What is the function of condenser in steam power plant?

A: Condensor is generally an integral part of the steam power plant. in the steam power plane, steam at…

Q: The transmission of the electricity was affected because of the distance between the lamp and the…

A: The transmission of the electricity was affected because of the distance between the lamp and the…

Q: 5- Outline methods used to equalize the potential across the units.

A: Given: The methods to equalize the potential across the units are asked.

Q: why is it saying that 0.3636 is wrong

A:

Q: compare efficiency between separate generation of electricity and heat and co-generation.

A: When industry generates electrical energy along with the heat or steam energy required for process…

Q: . Which electrical quantity is measured in terms of the amount of electrons that continuously flows…

A: Current is the electrical quantity is measured in terms of amount of electrons that continuously…

Q: QUESTION 1 Using the SI symbols, epress the following measurments in engineeing notation 95000 Q…

A:

Q: At low powerfactor the power system has _______________________ a. less losses b. more voltage c.…

A: Low power factor of a power system represents that there is more demand of reactive power from the…

Q: What is different cost of electrical energy?

A: In real world nothing comes for free, everything has their own cost to produce or use it. Similarly,…

Q: Advantages and Disadvantages of using coal energy

A: Advantages and disadvantages

Q: 0 At which places the diesel power stations are finding favor? Why? g) How do voids in the…

A:

Q: at C1 with a 100µF capacitor and then observed the charging time of the rger capacitor. You should…

A: Led and Capacitor and Resistor are connected in series  So now we have to tell about reason why led…

Q: write a report for electricity safety in poor country at least 5 pages

A: Electrical security is an arrangement of hierarchical measures and specialized means to forestall…

Q: Explain any four methods of minimizing power losses in a power system.

A: We can minimize the losses in power system by using following steps.

Q: solar

A:

Q: What are fuel cells? Where could fuel cells be used? What are two advantages associated with fuel…

A:

Q: How we can improve the overall efficiency of a steam power plant?   please type and explain well…

A: In order to understand how we can increase the overall efficiency of Steam Power Plant, we must…

Q: Advantages and Disadvantages of using fossil fuel energy.

A:

Q: What is water circulating system in hydro conventional energy system.

A:

Q: How would you describ the flow of Alternating Circuit (AC) and Direct Current?

A: In direct current (DC), the electric charge (current) only flows in one direction and it is…

Q: Enumerate the steps in making a power supply

A: Assuming that you are asking for the  design of laboratory DC power supplies.

Q: Why in electricity bill environmental tax is needed to pay

A: The generation of electricity is majorly done in thermal, nuclear and hydro power plants. All these…

Q: Post a reason why hydropower might NOT be a viable energy resource in some cases.

A: We need to explain why hydropower might not  be a viable energy resource in some cases.

Q: What term is used by utilities when the heater power consumption is measured using different rates…

A:

Q: What are the advantages & Disadvantages of Atomic Power Plant ?

A:

Q: Q-2 Explain clearly various processes which explain electric breakdown in vacuum.

A: Step 1

Q: Write a note on history of wind power

A: History of wind power : Wind energy is in use from 5000 BC wind energy is discovered by James Blyth…

Q: Which is a disadvantage of wind energy? O a. It does not use any water. O b. It needs more…

A:

Electrical Heating Unit

The conversion of electrical energy to heat energy is known as electric heating. The heating system that converts the electrical energy to heat energy for various application is called electrical heating unit. Electricity is employed as the firing mechanism in electric heating systems, which transforms electric current to heat. Electric heaters have heating elements in the form of electric resistors.