The formula to calculate ohmic loss in fuel cell is: ohmic loss=current densityxarea specific resistence. then what will be the formulas to calculate: activation loss? Mass concentration loss? and other polarization losses.

Q: 1. An 8.0-nF capacitor with an initial charge of 10 mC is discharged through a 5-k2 resistor. (a)…

A: Concept: Given: Capacitance of the Capacitor (C)= 8 nF Charge (Q)= 10 mC Resistance (R)= 5 kΩ (a)…

Q: Why do LDRs'/thermistors' resistances decrease as light/temperature increases?

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Q: Silicon is to be doped with aluminum to produce p-type silicon with resistivity 102 m. By assuming…

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Q: a) Find the resistance of a 1 cm pure silicon crystal. b) What is the resistance when the crystal is…

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Q: Calculate the conductivity of germanium at 200 deg C

A: Given data, Temperature of the sample of Ge = 200oC

Q: range of silicon wafer sizes that you can choose starting from 1” to 6” wafers. Despite the size

A: Given as, The product notes show a range of silicon wafer sizes that you can choose starting from 1”…

Q: Describe an extrinsic semiconductor material. What is the value or the electron concentration in an…

A: Semiconductors are materials that have a conductivity between the conductors and insulators, making…

Q: A 2-meter extension cord is made out of copper wires with a 6 mm diameter. How thick should the…

A: Here given a 2 m extension cord is made out of copper with a 6 mm diameter. We have to calculate the…

Q: A NMOS device has a transconductance K₁ -0.4 mA/(V^2). The device has a threshold voltage of 1.0V,…

A: Given,Kn=0.5 mA/V2Vth=1 VVG=4 VVD=0.8 V

Q: 1 (a) Using Townsend's second ionization criterion, consider Io = 4 x 10-7 A. Consider a = 2.28/cm.…

A: According to Townsend's breakdown criterion, the current produced in a cathode-anode arrangement is…

Q: 2. The concentration of donor impurity atoms in silicon is Nd 1015 cm-3. Assume an electron mobility…

A: Conductivity for a  semiconductor is given asσ=q(nμn+pμp)n and p denoted electron and hole…

Q: A brine sample recovered from depth of 8400 ft has a measured resistivity of 0.28 ohm-m at…

A: given   A brine sample recovered from depth of 8400 ft has a measured resistivity of 0.28 ohm-m at…

Q: ilicone material at 10^18(cm^3) has an n-type additive and a 10ohm resistance. The sample area is…

A: Volume of the sample ,V=1018 cm3 Resistance of the sample, R=10 ohm Sample area,A=10-6 cm2 mobility,…

Q: The dark saturation current of a solar cell is 1.6E-8 A/m2, the cell temperature is 318 K, the…

A: Dark saturation current , I0 = 1.6 x 10-8 A/m2 . Temperature , T = 318 K Current density , Isc = 174…

Q: The concentration of donor impurity atoms in doped silicon is Na = 1015 cm-3 Assume an electron…

A: Solution:-Given thatNd=1015 cm-3μn=1600 cm2Vsμp=450 cm2Vs

Q: The following graph represents the charge-discharge profile of a Li-ion battery in the 1st and 50th…

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Q: Using the values of band gap energy (Eg), mobilities (le and un), effective masses (me* and mn*) in…

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Q: The hole concentration in a semiconductor at T=300K can be expressed as p(x) =10" exp| 20 |cm° ,…

A: The Diffusion Hole Current JP is given by  Jp = -eDdpdx where D=  Diffusion coefficient  = 50  cm2…

Q: 1. What is the conductance of device consisting of two concentric metal shells, the inner one having…

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Q: 1) a) A wire sample (1 mm in diameter by 1 m in length) of an aluminum alloy (containing 1.2% Mn) is…

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Q: Derive the expression

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Q: 2. The concentration of donor impurity atoms in silicon is Nd = 1015 cm-3. Assume an electron…

A: electron mobility μe=1300cm2/V-s hole mobility μp=450cm2/V-s concentration n=1015cm-3 conductivity…

Q: Find the radius of the unmyelinated axon (m) with space parameter A = 14 mm, (Resistance of a unit…

A: Solution: as given that space parameter λ = 14 mm= 0.014 mRm =0.2 ohm m2resistivity of axoplasma…

Q: By using spherical electrodes with the diameter D=50cm, the following breakdown voltages are…

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Q: An electron is moving in a piece of very lightly doped silicon under an applied field such that its…

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Q: Conduc-Thor-s. Thor has two square prism conductors that are made of the same ohmic material and…

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Q: äböi For the circuit shown below, calculate Vout if the saturation current for the * diode is 50nA,…

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Q: A type S thermocouple uses a 0 degree C reference junction.  What voltage (in mV) will be generated…

A: Given : S type thermocouple  Reference temperature is 0oC. Junction temperature is 1272oC.

Q: An e-beam welder uses a 20 kV potential to give an electron beam aimed at the metal to be welded. If…

A: Given, Potential, V=20kVV=20×103V Beam current,  I=50mAI=50×10-3A

Q: The electron density variation along the x-axis is given as [102 exp(-10 x)]. Find the diffusion…

A: Let ne denote the electron density along the x-axis. Let μe denote the electron’s mobility. Let qe…

Q: Two new materials have been discovered. One is shiny and has a metallic look, while the other is…

A: Materials that permit the flow of electrons are known as conductors. Materials that restrict or stop…

Q: Two LEDs are connected in series with a 9V battery. To protect LEDs from over current, we are using…

A: Given Data : The voltage of the supply is given as V = 9V The current through the LEDs is given as i…

Q: Assume that the gate oxide between an n+ poly-Si gate and the p-substrate is II A thick and Na =…

A: Given: Na=1018 cm-3

Q: The figure below shows the electron and hole concentration in a silicon region. The electron and…

A: (a) Given: The electron and hole mobilities are 500 cm2Vs and 200 cm2Vs. The electric field is 0.5…

Q: (a) Explain Ohm's law and show it graphically. Does Ohm's law hold for semiconductor and with…

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Q: The current–voltage characteristic curve for a semiconductor diode as a function of temperature T is…

A: For the given values, the table for ΔV, I and R is shown below

Q: Suppose that we have 2.10 X 10 doubly charged positive ions per cubic centimeter, all moving north…

A: Let's convert the unit into the base SI unit. n=2.10×108 /cm3n=2.10×1014 /m3

Q: The value of stability factor for a base resister with collector current 10.4mA and emitter current…

A: Given : Collector current = 10.4 mA; Emitter current = 10.6 mA