The following trial balance relates to Golden Ltd at 30h September 2018 GHS '000 GHS'000 Sales (a) 760,000 Material purchases (b) 128,000 Production labour (b) 248,000 Factory overheads (b) 160,000 Distribution costs Administrative expenses (c) Finance costs 28,400 92,800 700 1,600 Investment income Leased property - at cost (b) Plant and equipment - at cost (b) Accumulated amortisation/depreciation at 1/10/2017 - leased property - plant and equipment Equity investments (e) 100,000 89.000 20,000 29,000 36,000 Inventory at 1/10/17 Trade receivables 93,400 67,100 Trade payables Bank 55,600 4,600 Stated capital (GHS0.2) 100,000 Income surplus (1/10/2017) Deferred tax (f) 67,200 5,400 1,043,400 1,043,400 The following notes are relevant: (a) Sales include goods sold and dispatched in September 2018 on a 30-day right of returm bas is. Their selling price was GHS4.8m and they were sold at a gross profit margin of 25%. In the past, Golden Ltd's customers have always met their obligations under this type of agreement. (b) Non-current assets: In the course of the year, Golden Ltd produced an item of equipment for its own use. The direct materials for the equipment cost GHS6M and the labour cost GHS8M. Manufacturing overheads are 50% of direct labour cost and Golden Ltd determines the final selling price for goods by adding a mark-up on total cost of 40%. The direct materials, labour and overheads are included in the relevant expense items in the trial balance. The equipment was completed and was put to use on 1 July 2018. All plant and equipment is depreciated at 25% per annum using the straight line method with time apportionment in the year of acquisition. The management of Golden revalued the leased property in line with recent increases in market values. On 1 October 2017 an independent architect valued the leased property at GHS96m, which the management agreed to. The leased property had an original useful life of 20 years which has not changed. Revaluation 1 surplus is realised over the life of the leased property. The revaluation surplus will give rise to a deferred tax liability (see Note f). All amortisation and depreciation is charged to cost of sales. No amortisation or depreciation has yet been charged on any non-current asset for the year ended 30 September 2018. (c) In July 2018, the share price of Golden Ltd stood at GHS2.40 per share. On this date, Golden Ltd paid an interim dividend (included in administrative expenses) that was computed to give a dividend yield of 4%. (d) Closing inventory on 30 September 2018 was valued at GHS109,6m. (e) The equity investments had a fair value ofGHS34.8m on 30 September 2018. During the year there were
The following trial balance relates to Golden Ltd at 30h September 2018 GHS '000 GHS'000 Sales (a) 760,000 Material purchases (b) 128,000 Production labour (b) 248,000 Factory overheads (b) 160,000 Distribution costs Administrative expenses (c) Finance costs 28,400 92,800 700 1,600 Investment income Leased property - at cost (b) Plant and equipment - at cost (b) Accumulated amortisation/depreciation at 1/10/2017 - leased property - plant and equipment Equity investments (e) 100,000 89.000 20,000 29,000 36,000 Inventory at 1/10/17 Trade receivables 93,400 67,100 Trade payables Bank 55,600 4,600 Stated capital (GHS0.2) 100,000 Income surplus (1/10/2017) Deferred tax (f) 67,200 5,400 1,043,400 1,043,400 The following notes are relevant: (a) Sales include goods sold and dispatched in September 2018 on a 30-day right of returm bas is. Their selling price was GHS4.8m and they were sold at a gross profit margin of 25%. In the past, Golden Ltd's customers have always met their obligations under this type of agreement. (b) Non-current assets: In the course of the year, Golden Ltd produced an item of equipment for its own use. The direct materials for the equipment cost GHS6M and the labour cost GHS8M. Manufacturing overheads are 50% of direct labour cost and Golden Ltd determines the final selling price for goods by adding a mark-up on total cost of 40%. The direct materials, labour and overheads are included in the relevant expense items in the trial balance. The equipment was completed and was put to use on 1 July 2018. All plant and equipment is depreciated at 25% per annum using the straight line method with time apportionment in the year of acquisition. The management of Golden revalued the leased property in line with recent increases in market values. On 1 October 2017 an independent architect valued the leased property at GHS96m, which the management agreed to. The leased property had an original useful life of 20 years which has not changed. Revaluation 1 surplus is realised over the life of the leased property. The revaluation surplus will give rise to a deferred tax liability (see Note f). All amortisation and depreciation is charged to cost of sales. No amortisation or depreciation has yet been charged on any non-current asset for the year ended 30 September 2018. (c) In July 2018, the share price of Golden Ltd stood at GHS2.40 per share. On this date, Golden Ltd paid an interim dividend (included in administrative expenses) that was computed to give a dividend yield of 4%. (d) Closing inventory on 30 September 2018 was valued at GHS109,6m. (e) The equity investments had a fair value ofGHS34.8m on 30 September 2018. During the year there were
Chapter1: Financial Statements And Business Decisions
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Depreciation Methods
The word "depreciation" is defined as an accounting method wherein the cost of tangible assets is spread over its useful life and it usually denotes how much of the assets value has been used up. The depreciation is usually considered as an operating expense. The main reason behind depreciation includes wear and tear of the assets, obsolescence etc.
Depreciation Accounting
In terms of accounting, with the passage of time the value of a fixed asset (like machinery, plants, furniture etc.) goes down over a specific period of time is known as depreciation. Now, the question comes in your mind, why the value of the fixed asset reduces over time.
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