The following questions are related to questions 18 to 19: Does taking large amounts of vitamins protect against cancer? To study this question, researchers enrolled 29,000 Finnish men, all smokers over the age of 50. Half of the men, selected at random, took vitamin supplements, and others took a dummy pill that has no active ingredient. The researchers followed all the men for eight years. At the end of the study, men in the vitamin group were no less likely to have cancer than men in the other group. This study cast doubt on the popular idea that taking lots of vitamins can reduce the risk of cancer. The study design looked like this: Group 1 14,500 Subjects → (Question A) A) B) C) Group 2 14,500 Subjects categorical variable. nonsampling error. B) C) ↑ 18. Treatment 2 was a dummy pill. Such a dummy treatment is called a Double-blind. placebo. comparative. A) the placebo effect. Treatment 1 Vitamins Treatment 2 7 (Question B) the double-blind technique. the retrospective method 19. In order to avoid unconscious bias, neither the subjects not the doctors who examined them knew whether a particular subject was taking vitamins or dummy pills. This is called D) E) Observe (Question C) D) E) stratified sampling. internal validity.
The following questions are related to questions 18 to 19: Does taking large amounts of vitamins protect against cancer? To study this question, researchers enrolled 29,000 Finnish men, all smokers over the age of 50. Half of the men, selected at random, took vitamin supplements, and others took a dummy pill that has no active ingredient. The researchers followed all the men for eight years. At the end of the study, men in the vitamin group were no less likely to have cancer than men in the other group. This study cast doubt on the popular idea that taking lots of vitamins can reduce the risk of cancer. The study design looked like this: Group 1 14,500 Subjects → (Question A) A) B) C) Group 2 14,500 Subjects categorical variable. nonsampling error. B) C) ↑ 18. Treatment 2 was a dummy pill. Such a dummy treatment is called a Double-blind. placebo. comparative. A) the placebo effect. Treatment 1 Vitamins Treatment 2 7 (Question B) the double-blind technique. the retrospective method 19. In order to avoid unconscious bias, neither the subjects not the doctors who examined them knew whether a particular subject was taking vitamins or dummy pills. This is called D) E) Observe (Question C) D) E) stratified sampling. internal validity.
MATLAB: An Introduction with Applications
6th Edition
ISBN:9781119256830
Author:Amos Gilat
Publisher:Amos Gilat
Chapter1: Starting With Matlab
Section: Chapter Questions
Problem 1P
Related questions
Question
Please help with questions 18 & 19.
Transcribed Image Text:The following questions are related to questions 18 to 19:
Does taking large amounts of vitamins protect against cancer? To study this question, researchers enrolled 29,000 Finnish men, all smokers over the age of 50. Half of the men, selected at random, took vitamin supplements, and others took a dummy pill that has no active ingredient. The researchers followed all the men for eight years. At the end of the study, men in the vitamin group were no less likely to have cancer than men in the other group. This study cast doubt on the popular idea that taking lots of vitamins can reduce the risk of cancer.
The study design looked like this:
- **Group 1**
- 14,500 Subjects
- Treatment 1: Vitamins
- Observe (Question C)
- **Group 2**
- 14,500 Subjects
- Treatment 2 (Question B): Dummy Pill
18. Treatment 2 was a dummy pill. Such a dummy treatment is called a
- A) Double-blind
- B) Categorical variable
- C) Nonsampling error
- D) Placebo
- E) Comparative
19. In order to avoid unconscious bias, neither the subjects nor the doctors who examined them knew whether a particular subject was taking vitamins or dummy pills. This is called
- A) The placebo effect
- B) The double-blind technique
- C) The retrospective method
- D) Stratified sampling
- E) Internal validity
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