The following observations have been made about a cer- tain reacting system: (i) When A, B, and C are mixed at about equal concentrations in neutral solution, two differ- ent products are formed, D and E, with the amount of D about 10 times as great as the amount of E. (ii) If every- thing is done as in (i) except that a trace of acid is added to the reaction mixture, the same products are formed, except that now the amount of D produced is much smaller than (about 1% of) the amount of E. The acid is not consumed in the reaction. The following mechanism has been proposed to account for some of these observa- tions and others about the order of the reactions: (1) A + B 2 F (rapid equilibrium) k-1 ke (2) C + F → D (negligible reverse rate) ks (3) C + F E (negligible reverse rate) (a) Explain what this proposed scheme of reactions implies about the dependence (if any) of the rate of formation of D on the concentrations of A, of B, and of C. What about the dependence (if any) of the rate of formation of E on these same concentrations? (b) What can you say about the relative magnitudes of k, and k3? (c) What explanation can you give for observation (ii) in view of your answer to (b)?

The following observations have been made about a cer- tain reacting system: (i) When A, B, and C are mixed at about equal concentrations in neutral solution, two differ- ent products are formed, D and E, with the amount of D about 10 times as great as the amount of E. (ii) If every- thing is done as in (i) except that a trace of acid is added to the reaction mixture, the same products are formed, except that now the amount of D produced is much smaller than (about 1% of) the amount of E. The acid is not consumed in the reaction. The following mechanism has been proposed to account for some of these observa- tions and others about the order of the reactions: (1) A + B 2 F (rapid equilibrium) k-1 ke (2) C + F → D (negligible reverse rate) ks (3) C + F E (negligible reverse rate) (a) Explain what this proposed scheme of reactions implies about the dependence (if any) of the rate of formation of D on the concentrations of A, of B, and of C. What about the dependence (if any) of the rate of formation of E on these same concentrations? (b) What can you say about the relative magnitudes of k, and k3? (c) What explanation can you give for observation (ii) in view of your answer to (b)?

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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