The following nonlinear equations all undergo a bifurcation for some value or values of r. In each case, find these values and the corresponding fixed point x* and classify the bifurcations as saddlenode, transcritical, supercritical pitchfork, or subcritical pitchfork. Finally sketch the bifurcation diagram of fixed points x* vs r, indicating stability of each branch as a solid line for stable fixed points, and a dashed line for unstable fixed points. (a) x=r-3x² (c) * = 5-re-x² x (b) x=rx- 1+x (d) x=rx-- - x 1+x²

Advanced Engineering Mathematics
10th Edition
ISBN:9780470458365
Author:Erwin Kreyszig
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Chapter2: Second-order Linear Odes
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Problem 4
The following nonlinear equations all undergo a bifurcation for some value or values of r. In
each case, find these values and the corresponding fixed point x* and classify the bifurcations as
saddlenode, transcritical, supercritical pitchfork, or subcritical pitchfork. Finally sketch the
bifurcation diagram of fixed points x* vs r, indicating stability of each branch as a solid line for
stable fixed points, and a dashed line for unstable fixed points.
(a) x=r-3x²
(c) * = 5-re-x²
(e) x = x + tanh(rx)
(b) x = rx-
(d)
-
x
*/*
1+x
x
* = rx-1+x²
x3
(f) * = rx + 1*²²2
Transcribed Image Text:Problem 4 The following nonlinear equations all undergo a bifurcation for some value or values of r. In each case, find these values and the corresponding fixed point x* and classify the bifurcations as saddlenode, transcritical, supercritical pitchfork, or subcritical pitchfork. Finally sketch the bifurcation diagram of fixed points x* vs r, indicating stability of each branch as a solid line for stable fixed points, and a dashed line for unstable fixed points. (a) x=r-3x² (c) * = 5-re-x² (e) x = x + tanh(rx) (b) x = rx- (d) - x */* 1+x x * = rx-1+x² x3 (f) * = rx + 1*²²2
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