The following figure depicts the Phillips curve and the indifference curves of an eco- nomy. This economy has an independent central bank with an inflation target of 2%. Consider an aggregate demand shock that increases unemployment. Explain why the central bank would cut the interest rate to put upward pressure on inflation, in order to bring it back to the target rate.

ENGR.ECONOMIC ANALYSIS
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Chapter1: Making Economics Decisions
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The following figure depicts the Phillips curve and the indifference curves of an eco-
nomy. This economy has an independent central bank with an inflation target of 2%.
Consider an aggregate demand shock that increases unemployment.
Explain why the central bank would cut the interest rate to put upward pressure on
inflation, in order to bring it back to the target rate.
Labour supply
Central bank's
indifference curves
Phillips curves
Inflation 2
Inflation-targeting central bank's
best outcome: target inflation and
the inflation-stabilizing
unemployment rate
target
Employment, N
U-6%
Employment at labour market equilibrium,
inflation-stabilizing unemployment rate
Inflation, 7 (%)
Transcribed Image Text:The following figure depicts the Phillips curve and the indifference curves of an eco- nomy. This economy has an independent central bank with an inflation target of 2%. Consider an aggregate demand shock that increases unemployment. Explain why the central bank would cut the interest rate to put upward pressure on inflation, in order to bring it back to the target rate. Labour supply Central bank's indifference curves Phillips curves Inflation 2 Inflation-targeting central bank's best outcome: target inflation and the inflation-stabilizing unemployment rate target Employment, N U-6% Employment at labour market equilibrium, inflation-stabilizing unemployment rate Inflation, 7 (%)
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