The following experiment was carried out to evaluate a drug for the prevention of heart attacks. The subjects were 3,900 middle-aged men with heart trouble. Out of these men, 1,100 were assigned at random to receive the drug, and the remaining 2,800 were given a placebo. The subjects were followed for five years. In the group that received the drug, there were 220 deaths; in the placebo group, there were 588 deaths. Note that 220 is 20% of the treatment group, and 588 is 21% of the control group. Someone argues as follows: “A 1% difference may not seem like much, but 1% of a million, for example, is 10,000. The drug will save tens of thousands of lives.” Should we be convinced by the difference between the two groups, or do you think the results are just due to chance? Carry out all the steps of a hypothesis test and state your conclusion.
3. The following experiment was carried out to evaluate a drug for the prevention of heart
attacks. The subjects were 3,900 middle-aged men with heart trouble. Out of these
men, 1,100 were assigned at random to receive the drug, and the remaining 2,800 were
given a placebo. The subjects were followed for five years.
In the group that received the drug, there were 220 deaths; in the placebo group, there
were 588 deaths. Note that 220 is 20% of the treatment group, and 588 is 21% of the
control group. Someone argues as follows: “A 1% difference may not seem like much,
but 1% of a million, for example, is 10,000. The drug will save tens of thousands of
lives.”
Should we be convinced by the difference between the two groups, or do you think the
results are just due to chance? Carry out all the steps of a hypothesis test and state your
conclusion.
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