The following diagrams represent the electron configuration for 3 different atoms undergoing XRF analysis. The electrons highlighted blue indicateejected electrons. The electrons highlighted in orange indicate the electron that move into the empty holes. Write in the information about theseatomic transitions below.AAtom A: The element is SulfurAtom B: The element is NickelAtom C: The element is CalciumNMBThe letter of the transition isThe letter of the transition isThe letter of the transition isThe transition corresponding to the highest energy belongs to the one in Atom AThe transition corresponding to the lowest energy belongs to the one in Atom BNMCNThe Greek subscript of the transition isThe Greek subscript of the transition isThe Greek subscript of the transition is

Answered: The following diagrams represent the…

Chemistry

10th Edition

ISBN:9781305957404

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl, Susan A. Zumdahl, Donald J. DeCoste

Chapter1: Chemical Foundations

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: Define and explain the differences between the following terms. a. law and theory b. theory and...

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Question

The following diagrams represent the electron configuration for 3 different atoms undergoing XRF analysis. The electrons highlighted blue indicate
ejected electrons. The electrons highlighted in orange indicate the electron that move into the empty holes. Write in the information about these
atomic transitions below.
A
Atom A: The element is Sulfur
Atom B: The element is Nickel
Atom C: The element is Calcium
N
M
B
The letter of the transition is
The letter of the transition is
The letter of the transition is
The transition corresponding to the highest energy belongs to the one in Atom A
The transition corresponding to the lowest energy belongs to the one in Atom B
N
M
C
N
The Greek subscript of the transition is
The Greek subscript of the transition is
The Greek subscript of the transition is

Expert Solution

Step 1

An atom lacking a core electron is unstable and will achieve a more stable electronic configuration by filling the hole with an electron from a shell with a higher principal quantum number n. Thus, the ejected electron will create a hole and then this hole is filled by the electron from the higher shell.

Now, the transitions in the XRF spectrum are identified by a capital letter followed by a lowercase Greek letter (eg. $K_{α}, K_{β}, L_{β} . . . .$ )

In this notation, the letters K, L, M, N,... represent a hole in a shell with principal quantum numbers n = 1, 2, 3, 4...

The small Greek letter indicates the change of the principal quantum number $∆ n = n_{f} - n_{i}$ related to the XRF transition, where the letters $α, β, γ, δ$ … correspond to $∆ n = - 1, - 2, - 3, - 4 \dots .$

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