The following data is given for a four-stroke diesel engine: Cylinder bore = 250 mm, Length of stroke = 300 mm,Speed 600 rpm, Indicated mean effective pressure = 0.6 Mpa, Mechanical efficiency = 80%Maximum gas pressure = 4 Mpa, Fuel consumption = 0.25 kg per BP per hHigher calorific value of fuel = 44 000 kJ/kg, Assume that 5% of the total heat developed in the cylinder istransmitted by the piston. The piston is made grey cast iron FG 200 (Sut = 200 N/mm² and k = 46.6 W/m/°C)and the factor of safety is 5.The temperature difference between the centre and the edge of the piston head is 220°C.(i) Calculate the thickness of piston head by strength consideration.(ii) Calculate the thickness of piston head by thermal consideration.(iii) Which criterion decides the thickness of piston head?(iv) State whether the ribs are required.(v) If so, calculate the number and thickness of piston ribs.(vi) State whether a cup is required in the top of the piston head.(vii) If so, calculate the radius of the cup.

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Elements Of Electromagnetics

7th Edition

ISBN:9780190698614

Author:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

Publisher:Sadiku, Matthew N. O.

ChapterMA: Math Assessment

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1.1MA

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Part (a) Find the efficiency of an ideal engine operating between these reservoirs. Remember the efficiency is unit-less, therefore so should your number be as well. ( Party a was incorrect can you try again ) Part (d) What if the actual work done (more realistically) is W = 290 J during a single cycle; what is the efficiency of this engine if the energy input is the same (again, the number should be unit-less)? Part (e) What is equation for the new power output per cycle (in Watts) of this new (and more realistic) engine?
1. Consider the dual cycle. Given k - Cp BTU lbm. R Cv kg.°K' (Cv0.171; P₁ = 101 kPa (14.7 psi) Cv 0.719 kJ T₁- 25°C (770F)T₂ - 1620°C (2948 °F) Engine Compression Ratio 17:12 The injection cycle of this diesel engine is such sufficient energy is added under constant volume to achieve a temperature of 1620°C (2948 °F) at position 3. The additional fuel energy added between point 3 and point 4 is 600 kJ/kg (260 BTUlb) a). Calculate all the unknown temperatures and pressure at all points in the cycle b). Determine net energy added to the cycle between point 2 and point 2a c). Determine the network for the cycle d). Calculate the indicated thermal efficiency for the cycle 4
An engine that operates on an Otto cycle has the details as shown in Table 2 below. Table 2 No. of cylinder No. of stroke 4 Bore 55mm Stroke Compression ratio Total displacement volume Initial temperature Initial pressure Heat input Brake load 80mm 11 2.0 L 50°C 100 kPa 1.8 kJ per cycle per cylinder 150 N Dynamometer radius Engine speed Mechanical efficiency 0.345 m 3500 RPM 85 % By using variable specific heats of air with temperature, determine: i. the maximum temperature and pressure ii. the net work per cycle per cylinder iii. the thermal efficiency of the cycle iv. the brake power and indicated power v. the brake mean effective pressure and indicated mean effective pressure
(17 blanks) Calculate the efficiency of the Carnot Engine for ideal gas. Consider the figure below for a complete cycle of Carnot engine, where the cycle goes from ad->ab->bc->cd
In a diesel engine, r=18, α=2.8, T1=336 K, P1=100 kPa, Vh=740 cm3. The polythropic exponent in the compression process is nc=1.32 and the polythropic exponent in the expansion process is ne=1.36. The speed is n=2100 rpm and the number of cylinders is 6. Cp=1.0035 kJ/kgK, R=0.287 kJ/kgK, lower heating value of the fuel Hu=42.636 Mj/kg, combustion efficiency ɳc=0.96. a) Find the thermodynamic coordinates of the cycle. b) Find the indicated work and power. c) Find the amount of fuel the engine will consume per hour. d) If the cycle took place in an adiabatic state change: what would be the highest pressure and temperature in the cycle? Calculate.
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In a six cylinder in-line two-stroke cycle Diesel engine, the cylinders are pitched 150 mm apart. The crank length is 100 mm and the ratio of connecting rod to crank is 4.5. The reciprocating mass per line is 1 kg. The engine speed is 2121 rpm. Two possible firing order for this engine are 1-5-3-6-2-4 and 1-4-5-2-3-6. As a young engineer, you have been tasked to evaluate the most suitable firing order for this engine. Your evaluation should include examination of the engine for balance of primary and secondary forces and couples for the given firing order. Apart from examining the engine, you need to justify why one firing order is superior to the other.
The figure opposite shows the cycle of a four-stroke, SI, naturally aspirated engine at part throttle. At part throttle, the intake stroke pressure will be some constant value lower than one atmosphere. · The exhaust stroke pressure is assumed constant at 1 atmosphere. · The work done during the intake stroke is: W. -1 = P; (V-V6) = P;Va · The work done during the exhaust stroke is: Ws-6 = Pex (Vs-V6) = -PexVa The net indicated pumping work: 3 (3-9) (3-10) Wpump = (P – Pex)Va (3-11) Question 1 · An Sl engine is modelled with an Otto cycle and operated at part throttle. The air-fuel with AF = 15 enters the cylinders at 75 kPa and 58°C. The compression ratio r. = 9.5:1, the exhaust pressure = 100 kPa, the heating value QHv = 43,000 kJ/kg, the constant volume specific heat c, = 0.821 kJ/kg-K, the specific heat ratio k = 1.35, the gas constant of air R = 0.287 kJ/kg-K, and combustion efficiency n. = assumed that there is no exhaust residual. Calculate the temperature in cylinder at start…
use perrys chem eng handbook note: this is solution thermodynamics
3. Define any four performance parameters of a gas turbine engine with the help of well-defined equations.
2 A six-cylinder, four-stroke, direct-injection oil engine is to deliver 120 kW at 1600 rpm. The fuel to be used has a calorific value of 43 MJ/kg and its percentage composition by mass is carbon 86.0%, hydrogen 13.0%, non combustibles 1.0%. The absolute volumetric efficiency is assumed to 80%, the indicated thermal efficiency 40% and the mechan- ical efficiency 80%. The air consumption to be 110% in excess of that required for theoretically correct combustion. (i) Estimate the volumetric composition of dry exhaust gas (ii) Determine the bore and stroke of the engine, taking a stroke to bore ratio as 1.5. Assume the volume of 1 kg of air at the given conditions as 0.77 m³. Oxygen in air is 23% by mass and 21% by volume.
2. A four-cycle, 5.866 L engine consumes 19 kg/hr of fuel and 413 kg/hr of air while running under full load at 2,400 rev/min. The air temperature is 24.2°C,and the barometric pressure is 98.13 KPa. Calculate (a.) the air density, (b.) the theoretical air consumption rate, , and (c.) the volumetric efficiency

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