the following are the functions of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses? i) it hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA ii) it uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis iii) it converts host cell RNA into viral DNA iv) it translates viral RNA into proteins v) It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strand vi) It degrades RNA from DNA-RNA hybrid Oi, iv and v O ii, iv, v and vi Oii and iii il and vi

Q: What are retroviruses? How do they reproduce and what is the role of the enzyme reverse…

A: Viruses are simpler in structure and composition. They are made up of nucleic acids and proteins.…

Q: What method is used by bacteriophages to release from the infected host cell? O 1) budding O 2)…

A: Answer is option 4.)lysis.

Q: As a general rule, viruses are not considered to be alive based on several reasons. One such reason…

A: Viruses are small, microscopic organisms that contain either RNA or DNA as their genetic material.…

Q: D) polyhedral The first step in viral infection is the recognition between the virus and the host…

A: The virus is a microscopic organism that infects other cells to survive. The virus can only…

Q: What scientific development was a crucial initial step to enhancing our knowledge of virus…

A: Viruses are the connecting link between the living and non-living. Most viruses vary in diameter…

Q: Which of the folowing statements best describes future generations of these bacteria? A) They will…

A: Antibiotic is used against the bacterial infection, and to suppresses the growth of the bacterial…

Q: Assume you isolate a single stranded (+) RNA virus. When you examine the proteins in the virus, you…

A: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase  or RNA polymerase or replicase  is an enzyme that catalyzes the…

Q: 27. Class VI animal viruses include HIV. Based on the type of viral genome, how is this class…

A: Group 6 animal viruses are single-stranded so option A is wrong.

Q: Which of the following is NOT a feature of genetic reassortment? A)  a host cell is coinfected with…

A: Genetic reassortment is the changes in the genome of the virus that affect the host. This helps in…

Q: 28. Class VI animal viruses include the retroviruses such as HIV. What type of enzyme does HIV…

A: The correct option is A) Reverse transcriptase. When the HIV has gained entry, the introduction of…

Q: Which of the following statements regarding transduction is FALSE? A) transduction reduces genetic…

A: A virus moves its genetic information from one bacterium to another through a process called…

Q: Which of the following processes occurs in both lytic and nonlytic viral infections?(i) Infected…

A: Statement (i) Infected cell ruptures to release viral particles is only limited to lytic cycle…

Q: Put the following stages of a lytic replication cycle in order, from earliest to latest stages: I.…

A: Lytic cycle is one of the two cycle of viral reproduction which involves the lysis of the host cell.…

Q: Which of the following statements concerning the infection of human cells by the HIV virus is false?…

A: a) After entry to the cell, the virus coat is removed and then the viral DNA is re;ease into the…

Q: Which of the following is not associated with gene therapy SCID patients A) utilizes an enzyme to…

A: Severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID): it is an inherited primary immunodeficiency disease (PIDD)…

Q: 10) One of the field of studies listed includes the rest: a) Viral Nucleic acids type b) Viral…

A: Viral envelopes are lipid bilayer membranes that surround some viruses, derived from the host cell's…

Q: The mechanism of specialized transduction relies on the improper excision of a bacteriophage genome…

A: Gene transfer is the method of inserting genetic material (DNA or a gene of interest) into cells…

Q: Which of the statements about bacteriophage is FALSE:   a)  specialized transduction is a low…

A: A bacteriophage, sometimes referred to as a phage colloquially, is a duplodnaviria virus that…

Q: 16. Which of the following methods may introduce foreign DNA into a recipient? A) transduction B)…

A: A plasmid is a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule that is distinct from a cell's…

Q: Prions

A: Prions: This term means proteinaceous infectious particles. These are virus like organisms which…

Q: All the followings are biological acellular entities except: a) Bacteriophages b) Bacteria c) Viroid…

A: Acellular entities refer to biological structures that lack the traditional cellular makeup found in…

Q: Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects a…

A: Question -Which of the following events mostly involves hydrolysis reaction after the virus infects…

Q: RNA-dependent RNA polymerase performs which of the following functions? O 1) Uncoats the viral…

A: Various different kinds of enzymes are involved in the replication, transcription, and translation…

Q: Where do - ss RNA viruses assemble? O 1) golgi O 2) nucleus 3) cytoplasm O 4) both the nucleus and…

A: A virus is a submicroscopic organism that contains genetic information either in the form of DNA…

Q: Which statement is true of viral replication?  A)  virus attaches to a specific receptor site on…

A: A virus is a non-cellular, infectious entity that is minuscule in size and can survive by surviving…

Q: Given that COVID19 has a single strand RNA for its genome, the number of rounds required to complete…

A: COVID 19 is a SARS virus which causes epidemiological disease called corona virus.

Q: A (+) Sense virus makes a negative sense copy of its genome. Part of the (+) Sense genome has the…

A: A virus is classified as a DNA virus or an RNA virus depending on whether it possesses DNA or RNA…

Q: Which of the following images shows a phage with a Siphoviridae morphotype? A) B) C)

A: Siphoviridae viruses are double stranded DNA viruses which belong to order Caudovirales. this family…

Q: we can stop the biosynthesis stage of the viral life cycle (not the stages before it) by…

A: The virus life cycle in a host involves few stages: they are: Aattachment of phage to the surface…

Q: Which of the following is not a process to introduce a DNA molecule into a bacterial cell. a)…

A: To identify Which of the following is not a process to introduce a DNA molecule into a bacterial…

Viral Replication

The virus is acellular and considered non-living outside the host cell. The replication of the virus occurs only inside the living cells. Only a few genes are present in the smallest virus, whereas many genes are present in the largest virus. These genes encode specific viral proteins.