The equilibrium constant, Keq, for the isomerization of dihydroxyacetone phosphate (DHAP) to glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (GAP) is 0.0475 under standard conditions (298 K, 1 atm, pH 7). Calculate ∆G ̊’ for the reaction.               What is ∆G’ for the isomerization reaction when the initial concentrations of DHAP and GAP are 2.2 ́ 10-4 M and 2.9 ́ 10-6 M, respectively? Assume a temperature of 298 K. The same enzyme catalyzes the reverse reaction, the isomerization of GAP to form DHAP. Assume the concentration of GAP remains constant at 2.9 ́ 10-6 M. What is the maximum concentration of DHAP that allows the reaction to proceed spontaneously in this direction?

Q: Consider the following reaction: CO2(g)+CCl4(g)⇌2COCl2(g) Calculate ΔG for this reaction at25 ∘C…

A: ∆Gr°  = 2 × ∆Gf , COCl2 (g)°  - ∆Gf , CO2 (g)°  - ∆Gf , CCl4 (g)°            = 2 x (-204.9) - (…

Q: At a certain temperature, sucrose is observed to spontaneously crystallize (precipitate) from a…

A: The expression for Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) of the crystallization reaction is shown below.…

Q: The following acid-base reaction occurs spontaneously in the gas phase at 25.0 °C: NH₃(g) + HCl(g) ⇌…

A: Consider the given gas phase reaction as; NH3 g + HCl g ⇌ NH4Cl s Entropy change ∆S = negative (-ve)…

Q: At 961. K, ΔGo equals -77.2 kJ for the reaction, N2O4(g) ⇌ 2 NO2(g).   Calculate the value of…

A: The relationship between deltaG°(the free energy change) and K (the equilibrium constant) is…

Q: For the reaction A + B = C, with the equilibrium constant is K25 = 20 at 25 C, and it is K40= 10 at…

A: According to the Clausius Clapeyron equation ln(KT2 / KT1) = -(∆H/R) X ( 1/T2 - 1/T1 )  where KT2 =…

Q: The Second Law of Thermodynamics states, the entropy of the universe is always increasing, ∆Suni >…

A: A question about second law of thermodynamics, which is to be accomplished.

Q: The Second Law of Thermodynamics states, the entropy of the universe is always increasing, ∆Suni >…

A: Spontaneous Reactions: The reactions that occur spontaneously i.e without any addition of external…

Q: Oxygen (O₂) is necessary for cellular respiration; it must be transported from the lungs to tissues…

A: The reversible reaction where, the rate of forward reaction equals that of the backward reaction is…

Q: The equilibrium constant (KP) for the reaction is 4.24 at 800 K. (a) Calculate ∆G° for the reaction.…

A: T = 800 K By using this formula we can calculate the Value of ∆G°

Q: Define spontaneity of a reaction in terms of ∆G. Determine if a process is spontaneous based on…

A:

Q: NiO(s) + 2 NH₃(g) → 3 Ni(s) + N₂(g) + 3 H₂O(g)    ∆So=  348.3 J/K    ∆Ho = 85.7KJ    ∆Go =−18.093KJ…

A: The equilibrium reaction given is, => NiO(s) + 2 NH₃(g) → 3 Ni(s) + N₂(g) + 3 H₂O(g) Given: ∆So=…

Q: How can we calculate an Equilibrium Constant from ∆G?

A: ∆G is Gibbs free energy change ∆G= - RT logn K under standard conditions ∆G0=-2.303 RT log10 K  or…

Q: The neutralization of a strong acid and strong base has an enthalpy change, ∆H°, = -55.9 kJ/mol. The…

A: The relationship between ∆S°, ∆H° and ∆G° is given by  ∆G° = ∆H° - T∆S° where T = temperature in…

Q: One step in glycolysis is the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to fructose-1,6-bisphosphate. The…

A: Given Data:One step in glycolysis is the conversion of fructose-6-phosphate to…

Q: Oxygen (O₂) is necessary for cellular respiration; it must be transported from the lungs to tissues…

A: There is following relationship between Gibbs free energy change and Equilibrium constant - ∆G° = -…

Q: Predict the sign of ΔG for the following reaction conditions without using specific numbers:…

A: When the change occurs in the system, surroundings, and universe then automatically the value of…

Q: The neutralization of a strong acid and strong base has an enthalpy change, ∆H°, = -55.9 kJ/mol. The…

A: The relationship between the ΔG0 and equilibrium constant is given by  RTln(K) = -ΔG0  where R = gas…

Q: What are the signs of ΔH,ΔS,ΔG when CO2 (dry ice) sublimes to a gas at room temperature and 1 atm…

A: Given A Dry ice sublimes to a gas at room temperature and 1 atm pressure. The temperature of dry ice…

Q: Which of the following situations would be least likely to increase the entropy of a system?…

A: The objective of this question is to find the situation which would be less likely to increase the…

Q: Consider the following reaction at 25 °C: 3 NiO(s) + 2 NH₃(g) → 3 Ni(s) + N₂(g) + 3 H₂O(g) If ∆G°…

A: The amount of energy related to a chemical reaction which can be used to extract some useful work is…

Q: At 25 °C, the thermodynamic equilibrium constant of the reaction 3C2H2(g) ⇋ C6H6(l) is K = 1.00 ×…

A: Here the given reaction is in equilibrium, For which the values are given as: Equilibrium constant…

Q: The equilibrium constant for the reaction Na2(g) → 2Na(g) is 2.47 at 1000. K. Calculate the value of…

A: Equilibrium is the state at which the rate of forward and backward reaction are equal in a…

Q: Calculate the ∆G in kJ/mol for a reaction at room temperature (~25.00°C) that has a Keq = 1000.0.…

A: We have to calculate the ∆G.

Q: (

A:

Q: The vaporization of methanol CH₃OH(l) ⇌ CH₃OH(g) is an endothermic process in which ∆Hvap = 37.4…

A: ∆Hvap = 37.4KJ/mol ∆Svap = 111 J mol-1K-1  Boiling Point at 605 torr =? 605 torr = 0.796053 atm  R =…

Q: Oxygen (O₂) is necessary for cellular respiration; it must be transported from the lungs to tissues…

A:

Q: The vaporization of methanol CH₃OH(l) ⇌ CH₃OH(g) is an endothermic process in which ∆Hvap = 37.4…

A: Given, vaporisation of methanol. CH₃OH(l) ⇌ CH₃OH(g) ∆Hvap = 37.4 kJ/mol ∆Svap = 111 J/mol･K.…

Q: This question builds off of PS2’s fermentation of glucose. As a reminder, the fermentation of…

A: GIBBS FREE ENERGY EQUATION is:

Q: Determine the temperature of a reaction if K = 1.2 x 10⁻⁶ when ∆G° = +19.9 kJ/mol

A:

Q: Consider the following reaction at 25 °C: Ba(OH)₂･8 H₂O(s) + 2 NH₄Cl(s) → BaCl₂(s) + 2 NH₃(g) + 10…

A: Ba(OH)₂.8 H₂O(s) + 2 NH₄Cl(s) → BaCl₂(s) + 2 NH₃(g) + 10 H₂O(l) ∆G° = -14.1 kJ/mol The pressure of…

Q: Consider the following equilibrium: N2O41g2 ∆ 2 NO21g2Thermodynamic data on these gases are given in…

A: Given: The reaction given is, N2O4(g)→2NO2(g) For the given reaction, the temperature at equilibrium…

Q: Determine the Nernst equation (Eh-pH) for the reduction of SO4 (ag) to SO3 (ag), given that AG°,=…

A:

Q: A chemical reaction has the following changes in enthalpy and entropy: AS = AH = 3.80 X 10² kJ/mol,…

A: To determine the temperature range for a reaction to be favored, we need to calculate the Gibbs free…

Q: pick the substance and conditions which would have the higher entropy. a) fructose (C6H12O6) b)…

A:

Q: Calculate the ∆G⁰reac value for the following reaction walking at 298 Kelvin. CO (g) + ½ O2 (g) ↔…

A: Given that, The required chemical reaction as follows --- CO (g)    +    ½ O2 (g)    ↔    CO2 (g)…

Q: Consider a preparation of hydrogen that involves the reaction between carbon monoxide, CO and steam…

A:

Q: Determine AG° for the reaction 3 N,(g) + 2 O3(g) 6 NO(g) at 223°C. AH° = +257.7 kJ/mol kJ/mol AS° =…

A: ∆G° for the below reaction at 223°C needs to be determined                       3 N₂(g) + 2 O₃(g) →…

Q: Octane 1C8H182 is a liquid hydrocarbon at room temperature that is a constituent of gasoline.…

A: We have the equation ∆G°=∆H°-T∆S° Where ∆H° is change in enthalpy, ∆G° is change in free energy, T…

Q: What is ∆G° for the reaction Br₂(g) → 2 Br(g) at 25.0 °C if K = 4.6 x 10⁻²⁹? (R = 8.314 J/mol･K) in…

A: Given reaction: Br₂(g) → 2 Br(g) K = 4.6 x 10⁻²⁹ We have to calculate ∆G° for the reaction.

Q: Stearic acid dimerizes when dissolved in carbon tetrachloride, CCl4: 2…

A: The objective of the question is to estimate the change in enthalpy (∆H°) and the change in entropy…

Q: A 0.15 M aqueous solution of a weak acid (HA) has a pH of 4.55 at 25 C. What is the ∆G for the…

A: